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j5021 > Unit 2 Test A and B > Flashcards

Unit 2 Test A and B Flashcards

1
Q

Biotransformation of caffeine takes place in the

a) Pancreas
b) Kidney
c) Liver
d) Salivary gland

A

c) Liver

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2
Q

Which of the following is NOT a broad classification category for anti-psychotic medications?

a) Anhedoinc
b) 3rd Generation
c) Typical
d) Atypical

A

a) Anhedoinc

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3
Q

Thorazine (chlorpromazine) is an example of which of the following types of anti-psychotic medication?

a) Typical
b) 2nd generation
c) Atypical
d) 3rd generation

A

a) Typical

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4
Q

In general, psychotropic medications are excreted from the body via the

a) Kidneys
b) Skin
c) GI Tract
d) Lungs

A

a) Kidneys

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5
Q

A dopamine antagonist typically affects the brain by:

a) Temporarily stopping the neuron’s ability to produce dopamine
b) Increasing the neuron receptors sensitivity to dopamine
c) Flooding the synaptic cleft with dopamine
d) Blocking the dopamine receptors on the neuron

A

d) Blocking the dopamine receptors on the neuron

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6
Q

Motor effects of antipsychotic medication would include all of the following except:

a) EPS
b) Anhedonia
c) Dystonia
d) Akathesia

A

b) Anhedonia

List the effects of antipsychotics on the body. Bonus feedback: Akathesia is restless movement; Dystonia is clenching of muscles; EPS symptoms are sometimes referred to as Parkinsonisms, and include such motor-related problems as shuffling of feet, tremors, and masklike appearance of face. Anhedonia is a negative symptom of schizophrenia, and is characterized by an inability to experience pleasure.

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7
Q

EPS can be characterized by X , while tardive dyskinesia is characterized by Y .

a) X = Shuffling of the feet Y = High fever
b) X = Mask like facial expression Y = Uncontrolled movements of the mouth
c) X = Cog wheeling Y = Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
d) X = High fever Y = Low muscle tone

A

b) X = Mask like facial expression Y = Uncontrolled movements of the mouth

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8
Q

Generally speaking, people X severe physical withdrawal effects when taken off of anti-psychotic mediation because these medications Y .

a) X = Experience Y = Have very short half-lives and are excreted quickly
b) X = Do not experience Y = Are slowly released from fat cell storage over time
c) X = Do not experience Y = All have very long half-lives
d) X = Experience Y = Are slowly released from fat cell storage over time

A

b) X = Do not experience Y = Are slowly released from fat cell storage over time

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9
Q

All of the following are considered negative symptoms of schizophrenia, except:

a) Avolition (lack of goal directedness)
b) Hallucinations
c) Anhedonia (lack of pleasure)
d) Flat affect

A

b) Hallucinations

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10
Q

Which of the following groups of drugs are anxiolytics?

a) Phenothiazines
b) Benzodiazepines
c) Neuroleptics
d) SSRIs

A

b) Benzodiazepines

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11
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding benzodiazepines?

a) Some are long acting and some are short acting
b) Withdrawal effects can be dose dependent
c) They are all equally effective both as anxiolytics and as sedative/hypnotics
d) They generally have anticonvulsant properties

A

c) They are all equally effective both as anxiolytics and as sedative/hypnotics

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12
Q

Unlike antipsychotics, benzodiazepines often present ______.

a) A lack of tolerance effects
b) High overdose potential
c) Significant side effects
d) A high potential for abuse

A

d) A high potential for abuse

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13
Q

The Geller and Seifter procedure, using response rates under a multiple schedule, compared between the two conditions of “on medication” versus “not on medication”, demonstrates that benzodiazepines have an _____ behavioral effect.

a) Abolishing operation for punishment
b) Aversive
c) Anti-reinforcement
d) Avoidance-behavior increase

A

a) Abolishing operation for punishment

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14
Q

A first generation type of anti-depressants are called:

a) SNRIs
b) All of these were developed at the same time
c) MAOIs
d) SSRIs

A

c) MAOIs

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15
Q

For several weeks, Donald has been taking increasing doses of an SSRI with a long half-life, but his doctor wants to produce a better therapeutic effect, so shifts him to a high dose of a different SSRI with a much shorter half-life. Donald begins to display signs of EPS, some agitation, and even disorientation. Donald is probably showing signs of:

a) Complex-partial seizure automatisms
b) Tardive dyskinesia
c) Serotonin syndrome
D) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

c) Serotonin syndrome

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16
Q

Because anti-depressants do not usually have a therapeutic impact for many days or even weeks, they typically do not function as ______.

a) AOs, and so do not decrease the reinforcing or punishing effect of other stimuli
b) Having any kind of stimulus characteristic, since their effect is not immediate
c) EOs, and so do not increase the reinforcing or punishing effect of other stimuli
d) Reinforcers, and are thus not prone to substance abuse

A

d) Reinforcers, and are thus not prone to substance abuse

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17
Q

A generalized seizure is always characterized by:

a) Staring in one direction for several minutes
b) Loss of left side control
c) Forgetting words
d) Loss of consciousness

A

d) Loss of consciousness

18
Q

The three main symptomatic categories of ADHD include all of the following except:

a) Aggressive behaviors
b) Hyperactive behaviors
c) Impulsive behaviors
d) Inattentive behaviors

A

a) Aggressive behaviors

19
Q

Which of the following best describes a behavioral effect of stimulants?

a) EO for Food
b) AO for Food
c) SD for Food
d) S-delta for Food

A

b) AO for food

20
Q

A placebo is best described as the delivery of …

a) A drug which produces all the side effects of another drug, but none of the primary effects
b) A sugar pill that is provided in place of the typical medication
c) The vehicle that is used to deliver the active ingredient, but without the presence of the active ingredient
d) A small dose of the active ingredient which is not likely to produce a therapeutic effect

A

c) The vehicle that is used to deliver the active ingredient, but without the presence of the active ingredient

21
Q

Judd drinks at least 5 cups of coffee a day. His doctor tells him he needs a medical test and has to stop ingesting caffeine for 3 days before the test is conducted. On the second day Judd is most likely to experience all of the following withdrawal symptoms, except:

a) Tiredness
b) Headaches
c) Lack of focus
d) Insomnia

A

d) Insomnia

22
Q

Caffeine as a stimulus can have the following behavioral functions, except as a(n):

a) Abolishing operation for sleep
b) Establishing operation for engaging in physical activity
c) Negative punisher for making coffee
d) Positive reinforcer for certain behaviors

A

c) Negative punisher for making coffee

23
Q

All of the following are 2nd generation antipsychotic medications except…

a) Zyprexa
b) Thorazine
c) Clozaril
d) Risperdal

A

b) Thorazine

24
Q

Which class of antipsychotic medication is thought to function exclusively as a dopamine antagonist?

a) 2nd generation only
b) 1st generation only
c) 3rd generation only
d) None of these function as a dopamine antagonist

A

b) 1st generation only

25
Q

Which neurotransmitter is most frequently implicated as being involved in the onset of schizophrenia, as well as the primary target of first generation anti-psychotic medications?

a) Norepinephrine
b) Dopamine
c) Serotonin
d) Acetylcholine

A

b) Dopamine

26
Q

The side effect characterized by the clenching up of muscles is called X , and restless movement is known as Y .

a) X = Tardive Dyskenesia Y = Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
b) X = Dystonia Y = Akathisia
c) X = Akathisia Y = Dystonia
d) X = Dystonia Y = Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

b) X = Dystonia Y = Akathisia

27
Q

Because antipsychotic medications are usually stored in fat cells and released slowly, withdrawal effects are:

a) Extremely variable and unpredictable
b) Potentially severe and should be monitored closely
c) Typically mild, and of no significant clinical concern
d) Of greater concern for individuals of increasing weight

A

c) Typically mild, and of no significant clinical concern

28
Q

All of the following are considered acceptable clinical alternative uses for anti-psychotic medication, except

a) Use during alcohol detoxification
b) To treat symptoms of hay fever
c) To treat Tourette’s syndrome
d) As anti-emetics

A

b) To treat symptoms of hay fever

29
Q

All of the following are considered positive symptoms of schizophrenia, except:

a) Hallucinations
b) Anhedonia (lack of pleasure)
c) Delusions
d) Bizarre speech

A

b) Anhedonia (lack of pleasure)

30
Q

Benzodiazepines are prescribed mainly to:

a) Treat depression
b) Increase alertness and on-task behavior
c) Decrease bizarre speech
d) Decrease anxiety

A

d) Decrease anxiety

31
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding tolerance to benzodiazepines?

a) Substance abuse problems often develop due to tolerance of these drugs
b) Tolerance to high doses can require a long fade down of the drug over months
c) Tolerance effects to benzodiazepines can develop very rapidly
d) When one develops tolerance, low doses are more likely to trigger side effects

A

d) When one develops tolerance, low doses are more likely to trigger side effects

32
Q

Which of the following can be a serious health risk from taking benzodiazepines?

a) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
b) These medications cause tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, and dystonia.
c) Benzodiazepines cause seizures, even after only one dose
d) They cross the placental barrier; newborns are at risk for withdrawal symptoms

A

d) They cross the placental barrier; newborns are at risk for withdrawal symptoms

33
Q

The Geller and Seifter procedure is a test to screen potential _____: A comparison is made between response rates on a multiple schedule for an organism when it is NOT on the target medication (baseline) versus its response rates when it IS on the target medication (test condition).

a) Anti-psychotics
b) ADHD medication
c) Anxiolytics
d) Anticonvulsants

A

c) Anxiolytics

34
Q

Which of the following is NOT a type of antidepressant?

a) Tricyclics
b) SSRIs
c) Amphetamine related drugs
d) Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI)

A

c) Amphetamine related drugs

35
Q

Which anti-depressant is also used to help individuals quit smoking, under a different brand name?

a) Clozaril – Clozapine
b) Prozac – Sarafem
c) Welbutrin – Zyban
d) Valproic acid – Depakote

A

c) Welbutrin – Zyban

36
Q

Which of the following types of data would a behavior analyst NOT collect on an individual who is taking anti-depressant medication for its labeled therapeutic effect?

a) Number of sadnesses per day
b) Percent of ½ hour intervals of sleep per day
c) Rate and duration of episodes of crying
d) Weight data as permanent product

A

a) Number of sadnesses per day

37
Q

Which of the following type of seizure is characterized by total loss of consciousness?

a) All of these are characterized by loss of consciousness
b) Partial – complex
c) Partial – simple
d) Generalized

A

d) Generalized

38
Q

Abrupt termination of an anticonvulsant medication, especially after long-term use, may produce:

a) Seizure activity
b) Calm behavior
c) Increased sleep
d) Positive mental attitude

A

a) Seizure activity

39
Q

Stimulants tend to have all of the following behavioral functions, except

a) EO for physical activity
b) AO for sleep
c) None; all of these are behavioral functions of stimulants
d) EO for food

A

d) EO for food

40
Q

A placebo is typically associated with X . A nocebo is associated with Y .

a) X = Positive effects Y = No effects
b) X = Negative effects Y = Positive effects
c) X = Positive effects Y = Negative effects
d) X = Any effect Y = No effect

A

c) X = Positive effects Y = Negative effects

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