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U.S. History > Unit 2 Test > Flashcards

Unit 2 Test Flashcards

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0
Q

Solomon Stoddard

A

• Puritan minister from Massachusetts, 1669-1729
• Started preaching that America needed a revival
• Revival really kicks off a year after he dies
• Stressed that preaching should emphasize a conversion to Christ, a belief

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1
Q

First Great Awakening:

A

• A renewal or awakening of Christians

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2
Q

Jonathan Edwards

A

• Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”
• Purposely very monotone
• Dies from small pox inacculation in 1758
• Considered greatest theologian of great awakening

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3
Q

George Whitefield

A
  • The monotone tradition starts to die with him

* Preached in America for over 30 years
• 7 trips across America preaching on foot

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4
Q

Theodore Jacob Frelinghuysen

A

• Preached mainly through middle colonies
• Pietism- movement that stressed personal conversion and a life of obedience • Focused on church related problems

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5
Q

Old and New Lights

A

• Old Lights- (no emotions) Charles Chauncey
• Thought emotion washarmful to religion
• New Lights- (excess of emotion) James Davenport • Very intense emotion and excessive

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6
Q

William Tennant

A

• Reverend William Tennent, Log Colleges

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7
Q

4 results of Great awakening

A

• Church growth
• Number of religious colleges increased
• The half-way covenant vanished
• Split Christians and created variety of denominations

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8
Q

French and Indian War or 7 Years War

A

: Duel for North America and Ohio valley 1754-1763

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9
Q

Samuel de Champlain

A

◦ Father of New France
◦ Made friends with local Huron Indians
◦ Hunt many beavers, Very popular fashion statement

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10
Q

Robert de la Salle

A

◦ Explored down Mississippi River
◦ Set up small colony there in New Orleans, Louisiana

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11
Q

Ohio Valley

A

◦ Ohio Valley controlled by Indians
◦ French and English had been building forts

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12
Q

Fort Duquesne

A

◦ French fort

G.W. Need to seize this fort, 150 men with him, the French start firing as he draws close to fort

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13
Q

George Washington

A

◦ hired by group of English settlers to officially claim Ohio valley ◦ He is 21 years old at the time

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14
Q

Fort Necessity

A

• Built quickly by George Washington to defend self • falls after ten hours

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15
Q

General Edward Braddock

A

◦ 60 years
◦ Comes to America to help in French Indian war
◦ He and his soldiers are attacked by local Indians on first stop to colonists and Braddock is killed

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16
Q

Scalping

A

◦ Agreed to pay for Indian scalps
◦ Paid $50 for squaw, $130 brave scalps

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17
Q

William Pitt

A

◦ the great commander, organizer of victory
◦ Becomes prime minister for a few years
◦ Makes key changes
◦ Replaces old generals with new, young ones ◦ Easier to adapt to new styles of fighting
◦ Brought over new troops to America

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18
Q

Results of the French and Indian War

A

• Proclamation Act/Line Of 1763
◦ Created boundary, West Appalachian Mountains
• Unity In the colonies, broke barriers, first step in creating national identity
• Myth of British invincibility is broken

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19
Q

Treaty of Paris 1763

A

◦ Ends French and Indian war

French and Indians no longer a threat, French mostly leave, Indians are now seen as defeated unfortunate circumstances

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20
Q

The Mission System

A

1769-1823

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21
Q

Franciscan Order
◦

A

Sole purpose was to Christianitize and assimilate native Americans

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22
Q

Junipero Serra

A

◦ was only 27 when he left for America
◦ 10 years for each mission, train a priest and move on

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23
Q

Mission

A

◦ the church, with smaller buildings, living houses for priests, little shops

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24
Q

Presidio

A

◦ tall towers in corners of missions, soldiers lived there, top floor lookout to see anybody coming to protect the town

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25
Q

Pueblo

A

◦ the town, houses with land throughout the mission

26
Q

Assimilation

A

◦ Assimilating native Americans

27
Q

Pontiac’s War

A

• 1763 by a loose confederation of elements of Native American tribes primarily from the Great Lakes region

28
Q

Colonial Assembly

A

◦ Colonial self government
◦ General court, house of burgesses, mayflower compact ◦ Sense that they governed selves not king

29
Q

Sugar act

A

1764 sugar, molasses, and coffee

30
Q

Coercive or Intolerable Acts:

A

Taxes passed by England on the colonist that they hated

31
Q

Stamp act

A
  • 1765 internal tax, tax on a product colonists made and consumed, in no way involved
    England, worst tax anything that really involved papers
32
Q

Quartering

A
  • 1765 a standing army in times of peace
33
Q

Townshend act

A

1767 a tax on glass, paint, paper, and tea, (Dutch east India company)

34
Q

Boston Port Act-

A

closes the boston harbor until the value of tea from Boston tea party has been replaced, which never happened

35
Q

Massachusetts Government Act-

A

removed the Massachusetts charter, king attempted to take away their self government

36
Q

Impartial Administration of Justice Act-

A

Where trials occurred another colony or England, any colonists accused of killing a British solider was almost always to be tried in England

37
Q

New Quartering Act-

A

private homes open to soldiers

38
Q

Patrick Henry

A

• March 23, 1775
• “Give me liberty or give me death”, very last sentence of his famous speech
• First to really bring up idea of rebelling, putting himself and family on the the line

39
Q

Son’s of Liberty

A

• Outspoken against taxes
• Produced series of signs around towns to boycott goods

40
Q

Samuel Adams

A

• Leader of sons of liberty

41
Q

Boston Massacre

A

◦ March 5, 1770
◦ 5 Colonists shot in the back

42
Q

Boston Tea Party December 16, 1773

A

◦ First shipment of Dutch East India company tea arrives aboard the Dartmouth◦ Colonists boycott, however king prevented taxed goods or other goods to go into colonies until colonists bought the tea◦ That night colonists board ship dressed as Mohawk Indians, and dump all the tea overboard ◦ Dump 342 cases of tea into the harbor = 24 million cups of tea◦ $1,000,000 dollars◦ Concerned about making a statement, didn’t want to damage the ship just the tea

43
Q

Gaspee

A

Prior, colonists having trouble with captain of ship Gaspee, known for being a troublemaker Colonists told him he could not come back, however king sent him back with another shipment While the captain and his crew are drinking, the colonists burn his ship to the ground and find and arrest him

44
Q

Dartmouth

A

◦ Ship of the Boston tea party

45
Q

Declaration of Rights

A

First Continental Congress Sept 5, 1775
35 representatives showed up, all colonies minus Georgia Write Declaration of Rights and Grievances

46
Q

Shot Heard Round the World

A

Line from Ralph Waldo Emerson’s “concord hymn”
After give me liberty or give me death, collecting weapons and in February 1775 England declares Massachusetts to be in to state of rebellion
Refers to beginning of American revolution in the battles of Lexington and concord April 19, 1775

47
Q

Governor Thomas Gage and General William Howe

A

◦ British generals Sent to seize stockpile of weapons

48
Q

Paul Revere

A

April 18, 1775 midnight ride of Paul revere
Paul reveres ride, a poem by Henry wadsworth Longfellow The redcoats are coming!

49
Q

Battle of Lexington and concord

A

Small militia shows up to defend stockpile of weapons
◦ Both sides line up, not sure who shot first
◦ First battle of american revolution
◦ Colonists incredibly outnumbered, very soon needed to retreat
◦ British set fire to stockpile of weapons in Massachusetts
◦ Neighboring townspeople are worried the British are setting fire to homes
◦ Significant number of colonists bring whatever weapons they have a fight as well ◦ Put up a good fight against the British
◦ 450 colonists killed, 1,000 redcoats were killed

50
Q

Thomas Paine

A

Wrote “common sense” helped the revolution

51
Q

Republicanism

A

Republicanism is the ideology of governing a society or state as a republic, where the head of state is a representative of the people who hold popular sovereignty rather than the people being subjects of the head of state.

52
Q

General Burgoyne

A

Battle of Saratoga, sought to split the New England colonies by marching and overtaking

53
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

Accepted on July 2 by continental congress, took two days for everybody to sign it • Celebrate July 4, 1776

54
Q

John Locke and the social contract

A

“Life liberty and the pursuit of happiness and property” unalienable rights

55
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

• -November 15, 1777-
• Article of confederation
• very unclear, inefficient
• Nicknamed “articles of confusion”

56
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

Gave America all of the land east of the mississippi

57
Q

Statue of Liberty

A

•French gift for their happiness we won the war
• Commission the building,takes over -100 years- to build and assemble
• Promise in 1783, fully ready in 1886
• Modeled after a roman goddess named -Libertas-, stands for liberty

58
Q

The Second Great Awakening:

A

1790-1840

59
Q

James McGready

A

◦ McGready had the first large camp meeting for 3 days, 500 people showed up
◦ Announced the next one, and 8,000 people showed up

60
Q

Timothy Dwight

A

◦ Held all camp meetings at Yale
◦ Held the most and attracted most people ◦ Thousands of people that would show up ◦ Spoke out against
◦ Age of reason
◦Deism:God did create mankind, but then God is removed from the world no HolySpirit, we are left to our own free will, no afterlife

61
Q

Charles Finney

A

◦ Well known for traveling
◦ Itinerate preachers
◦ Next major influence
◦ New and wonderful ways of practicing Christianity
◦ Started praying for people by name, new way to pray
◦ Allowed women to pray and testify publicly
◦ Encouraged people who were convicted to come forward and pray for forgiveness, altar call
◦ Even went unannounced and visited people in their homes
◦ Encouraged people to address social issues for their day, healthcare, child care, birth control
◦ Issue of slavery, emphasized converting your slaves

62
Q

2 Major results of the second great awakening

A

◦ Issue of slavery, emphasized converting your slaves
◦ Methodists most advanced in this
◦ Christians developed a reputation for being a little finnatical by the time it ended ◦ People would talk about the dramatic Christians, excess of emotion

63
Q

Study 9-11

A

✈️

U.S. History (14 decks)

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