Unit 2 Test

Question 0

Why was it important for Western Europeans to find a direct sea route to Asian markets/goods?

Answer 0

It saved time and money and they cut out the middle man

Question 1

What were the motives for European exploration?

Answer 1

God
Glory
Gold

Question 2

What were the two leading European countries in exploration?

Answer 2

Portugal and Spain

Question 3

What role did Prince Henry play in leading in his country, Portugal, to an early lead in exploration?

Answer 3

He founded an navigational (sailing) school

Question 4

What three events during the Age of Exploration were cause by advances in learning and technology that allowed long ocean voyages?

Answer 4

Food, animals, and ideas went from one continent to the other (Old World - New World; New World - Old World) European diseases devastated the Native population. European wars increases as competition for land and power

Question 5

Why did the Portuguese establish trading posts only on the coast of Africa?

Answer 5

They didn’t have enough military to go inland. They kept a major presence all along the coasts of Africa.

Question 6

Who was the second superpower, after Portugal, to trade in Asia?

Answer 6

The Dutch

Question 7

Why did the Pope make Portugal and Spain sign the Treaty of Tordesillas?

Answer 7

He wanted to decrease conflict over new lands in the New World

Question 8

What effect did the slave trade have on Africans and African Kingdoms?

Answer 8

Only the very old and very young were left. Many cultures lost their best members and most families were seperated

Question 9

When did China start exploring in comparison to Europe?

Answer 9

China started exploring more than 80 years before Europeans

Question 10

Who led voyages? How many were there?

Answer 10

Zhenge He had seven voyages

Question 11

Why did China withdraw into isolation? When?

Answer 11

China wanted to preserve it’s traditions and thought it was better than any other country

Question 12

What new inventions are the Chinese credited for?

Answer 12

Abacus, Compass, Gunpowder

Question 13

What are the main beliefs of Confucianism? Why did Confucianism help promote Chinese isolationism, not expansionism?

Answer 13

Fial Piety, 5 relationships (ruler-ruler, father-son, husband-wife, oldest-youngest, friend-friend) it promoted isolationism because it taught that you should be content and not want anything.

Question 14

Why did Tokugawas close off Japanese ports/harbors to European trade? What was the policy called?

Answer 14

They were threatened by Christian missionaries and their ideas and wanted to close off foreign ideas. This was called the CLOSED COUNTRY POLICY

Question 15

What was the social structure of the Tokugawa Shogunate?
What role did the emperor play?
Shogun?

Answer 15

Emperor (God) 
Shogun (Power) 
Daimyo
Samurai
Farmers
Artisans
Merchants

Question 16

Who is at the bottom of Japan’s social class system? Why?

Answer 16

Merchants- they weren’t content

Question 17

In European and Japanese feudalism what did soldiers receive for service?

Answer 17

Land

Question 18

What policy did both China and Japan implement during this time?

Answer 18

Isolationism

Question 19

Why did European colonists need laborers in the Americas?

Answer 19

To grow crops

Question 20

What was one way the Native Americans resisted Spanish rule?

Answer 20

Kept their own traditions and culture

Question 21

Why did the colonists run into problems with their original labor source? Where/whom to did they turn?

Answer 21

Native Americans were not immune to disease and died by the millions. They turned to African slaves for their labor source

Question 22

What was the Atlantic Slave Trade?

Answer 22

Trading African slaves to Europeans to work in the Americas

Question 23

Who was King Affonso I?

Answer 23

He petitioned European to end the slave trade

Question 24

What does import mean? Export?

Answer 24

Import- Buying something from another country

Export- Selling something to another country

Question 25

What is a tariff?

Answer 25

A tax on goods being imported from another country

Question 26

What was the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 26

The exchange of foods, animals, and ideas from the New World to the Old a world and from the Old World to the New World

Question 27

Where did corn, potatoes, and tomatoes come from?

Answer 27

The New World

Question 28

Where did wheat come from?

Answer 28

The Old World

Question 29

What was considered “old world? “New world?”

Answer 29

Old World- Europe

New World- the Americas

Question 30

What do the words Encounter and the Columbian Exchange represent?

Answer 30

The nature of interactions between cultures

Question 31

What was mercantilism?

Answer 31

This was a policy that established colonies where the colonies provided raw materials to the Europeans and then brought the manufactured goods from Europe

Question 32

What did mercantilism “look like” in colonial Latin America?

Answer 32

They had to provide the raw materials to the Europeans and then bought the manufactured goods from Europe

Question 33

What was a result of the Commercial Revolution?

Answer 33

Europeans became more powerful and influential throughout the world