Unit 2 - Systematic carbon chemistry

Question 1

saturated
(N5)

Answer 1

compounds containing only single carbon-to-carbon bonds

Question 2

unsaturated
(N5)

Answer 2

compounds containing at least one carbon-to-carbon bond

Question 3

addition reaction
(N5)

Answer 3

where 2 molecules combine to form a single molecule

Question 4

isomer

Answer 4

compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 5

alcohol functional group

Answer 5

hydroxyl (-OH)

Question 6

carboxylic acid functional group

Answer 6

carboxyl group (-COOH)

Question 7

how can you predict boiling point and volatility?

Answer 7

• The presence or O-H or N-H bonds implies H bonding.
• Spatial arrangement of polar covalent bonds resulting in a molecule possessing a permanent dipole
• molecular size affecting LDFs
• the properties of solute and solvent

Question 8

trend in boiling point within a molecule

Answer 8

the stronger the intermolecular force present, the higher the boiling point as more energy will be required to seperate them

Question 9

what is the general rule with solubility

Answer 9

substances with similiar types of bonding and van der Waals forces tend to mix or dissolve

Question 10

what solvent will non poplar substances will dissolve in

Answer 10

non polar solvents

Question 11

what solvent will poplar substances will dissolve in

Answer 11

polar solvent

Question 12

what functional group is found in ketones and aldehydes

Answer 12

carbonyl group

Question 13

volatility

Answer 13

a substance that will evaporate rapidly

Question 14

what are some features of volatile substances

Answer 14

-small molecules
-relatively low boiling points

Question 15

What do the molecular size and type of functional group allow us to predict about a molecule.

Answer 15

boiling point, volatility and also allow us to predict the degree of van der Waals forces