Unit 2: Support Systems: Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the four functions of the skeletal system
hematopoiesis
structure
Movement Facilitation
Mineral storage
the process of producing blood cells in the red bone marrow
hematopoiesis (hemopoiesis)
what bone encloses and protects the brain
cranium
what bone forms the forehead
cranium
what bone forms the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity
Parietal
Forms the posterior (back) of the cranium
Occipital
forms the side of the cranium
Temporal
the lower jaw bone
Mandible
the upper jaw bone
Maxillae
the only moveable bone in the skull
Mandible
What are the two paired bones you need to know in the skull
Parietal
Temporal
what are the vertebrae referred to as in order from superior to inferior
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
how many cervical vertebra are there
7
how many thoracic vertebrae are there
12
how many lumbar vertebrae are there
5
how many sacral vertebrae are there
5
how many coccygeal vertebrae are there
4
what are the bones of the thoracic cavity
sternum, ribs
the breast bone is the
sternum
12 pairs attached to the thoracic vertebrae
ribs
upper arm bone
humerus
thumb side (lateral) side of lower arm
radius
medial to the radius; lower arm
ulna
wrist bones
carpals
hand bones
metacarpals
fingers and toes (digits)
phalanges
what three bones make up the pelvis
ilium, ischium, pubis
what is the hip bones
ilium
what is the butt bone
ischium
what is the bone of the pubic region
pubis
the thigh bone (upper leg)
femu
the knee carp
patella
the shin bone (medial lower leg bone)
tibia
small bone of the lower leg
fibula
bones of the hind foot
tarsals
bones of the forefoot
metatarsals
toes or digits
phalanges
any location where two bones meet
articulation, or joint
what are a few examples of freely movable joints
shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, etc
what joints have little to no movement
sutures of the skull
attach bone to bone
ligaments
is any break in a bone
fracture
fracture in which one of the bone fragments is force forced through the skin is called
open fracture
a fracture that does not involve a wound is called
closed fracture
is abnormal LATERAL curvature of the spin (vertebral column) resulting in an S-shaped appearance
scoliosis
is a type of arthritis causing destruction of cartilage from the joints.
osteoarthritis
the stretching or tearing of a LIGAMENT
sprain
the stretching or tearing of a MUSCLE
strain
how many degrees of tears are there for sprains
three
the tissues are stretched causing micro-tearing of the tissue
1st degree tear
a complete rupture of a ligament
3rd degree tear
a partial tear of a ligament
2nd degree tear
what does the acronym RICE stand for in treatment of ligament tearing
rest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE)
