Unit 2: Support Systems: Muscular System Flashcards
what are the functions of muscle tissue
thermogenesis, motion, posture, volume control of hollow organs
heat production. is a byproduct of muscle contraction
thermogenesis
muscles shorten and pull on bones which produce movement
motion
contraction of muscles to keep us upright and maintain posture
posture
surrounds our hollow organs and contractions propel the substances through them, aid in their emptying, or help control their volume
smooth muscle
muscle: anterior aspect of the upper arm
biceps brachii
muscle: posterior aspect of the upper arm
triceps brachii
muscle: posterior aspect of the neck
trapezius
muscle: covers the shoulder
deltoid
muscle: internal muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. attached to the back of the rib cage
diaphragm
muscle: chest
pectoralis major
muscle: superficial muscle of the thoracic and lumbar region of the back
latissimus dorsi
muscle: runs vertically along the abdomen
rectus abdominus
muscle: posterior aspect of the lower leg
gastrocnemius
muscle: posterior aspect of the thigh
hamstring muscle group
muscle: anterior aspect of the thigh
quadriceps muscle group
muscle: buttocks region
gluteus maximus
what are the three types of skeletal muscle
cardiac, smooth, and skeletal
what are the characteristics of cardiac muscle
striated (appears stripped)
Involuntary (no conscious control)
where is cardiac muscle found
heart
where are intercalated discs located
heart
what are the characteristics of smooth muscle
non-striated (do not appear stripped)
involuntary
where is smooth muscle found
around hollow organs (stomach, bladder, uterus, etc)
what are the characteristics of skeletal muscle
striated
voluntary (conscious control)
where is skeletal muscle found
attached to bones
attach muscle to bones
tendons
inflammation of the tendons due to overuse or age-related changes of the tendon
tendonitis
a tearing of muscle or its attaching tendon
strain
how does a strain occur
sudden, quick heavy lifting
during sports
performing work tasks
the three types of tears are the same as tearing of ligaments (strain) except with muscle
FREE SPACE
an involuntary muscle contraction
muscle spasm
what is another name for a muscle spasm
“Charlie Horse” “Muscle Cramp”
an inherited disorder in which the muscles are missing a certain protein causing degeneration of muscle tissue
muscular dystrophy
