unit 2 : sleep patterns Flashcards
circadian rhythm
- biological clock, causes changes in energy & temp
REM sleep (paradoxical)
- rapid eye movement sleep
- reoccurring sleep stage where vivid dreams commonly occur
what waves occur when your awake & relaxed?
alpha waves
what waves occur when your alert / waking up?
beta waves
what waves occur when you’ve just fallen asleep? (NREM-1)
theta waves
what waves occur when you could be easily awakened but asleep? (NREM-2)
sleep spindles , or possibilbly delta waves
what waves occur when your in deep sleep?
delta waves
how long does a sleep cycle last?
90 minutes
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm & causes pineal gland to adjust melatonin
pineal gland
adjusts melatonin production in response to SCN & light
melatonin
sleep-inducing hormone
evolutionary benefit to sleep
protection
biological benefit of sleep
restore & repair brain tissue / neurons (glial cells)
biological & cognitive benefit to sleep
strengthens & stabilizes neural memory
cognitive benefit of sleep
promotes creative thinking, problem solving
benefit of sleep : growth process
pituitary gland releases a growth hormone
effects of sleep deprivation
- release of hormone ghrelin, makes you hungry = fatter
- sleep debt, less energy
- irritability
sleep debt
the amount of sleep minus the amount you actually get (ex : 8-6 = 2)
insomnia
persistent problem of falling & staying asleep
narcolepsy
suddenly attacks of overwhelming sleepiness. lasting less than 5 minutes
(REM sleep)
sleep apnea
being temporarily unable to breathe while sleeping which causes “snoring” often not remembered.
night terrors
intense episodes of fear during NREM-3 sleep, typically occurring in children. no memory afterwards
REM rebound
the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation
freud’s wish fulfillment
dreams express unconscious desires
neural activation theory
REM sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories
