Unit 2: Sensory and Perception Flashcards
Sensation
Process when sensory receptors and nerves receive and represent stimuli energies
Perception
Organizing sensory information
Bottom-up Processing
Starts at sensory receptors and gives up to brain’s higher processing
Top-down Processing
Builds perceptions from sensory input by using experiences and expectations
Selective attention
Focusing on one stimulus
Intentional Blindness
Can’t see visual objects when focused on something else
Change Blindness
Don’t notice a change in the environment
Transduction
Convert one form of energy into another
Psychophysics
Studying relationship between physical things and our psychological reaction
Absolute Threshold
Minimum amount of stimuli to detect it 50% of the time
Signal detection theory
Prediction of when we can detect weak signals
Subliminal
Below the absolute threshold
Prime
Activation of the associations you might need later- priming the nerves
Difference Threshold
Minimum change to notice a noticeable difference in stimuli
Weber’s Law
Stimuli have to differ by a constant % to be ‘different’
Sensory Adaptation
Adapting to the senses around you so you have diminished sensitivity to them
Perceptual Set
Set of mental assumptions that affects what we perceive
Extrasensory Perception (ESP)
Claim that perception can be separate from sensory input (telepathy, etc)
Parapsychology
Study of the paranormal mind events
Wavelength
Determines color - distance between start of each wave
Hue
The ‘color’ of the wavelength
Intensity
Perceived as brightness - wave’s amplitude
Pupil
Opening of eye where light enters
Iris
Muscle tissue around pupil that controls it’s size
Lens
Behind the pupil - focuses light rays