Unit 2 - Resource & Sustainability Flashcards
Resources
Stock of supply of materials
Renewable Resources
Resources that are replenished at faster rate than depleted
Reserves
Natural resource that can be identified in terms of quality and quantity
Re-use
Reuseofthesameproductinsame contextoradifferentcontext
Repair
The reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing structure or device
Re-engineer
Redesign components to improve their characteristics and performance (speed, energy, consumption)
Recycle
Usingthematerialsfromobsolete products (waste) to create other products
Recondition
Rebuilding a products so that it is in a “new” condition
Dematerialisation
Reducing the quantities of materials used in a design
Raw Material Recovery
Separating the component parts of a product
WEEE Recovery
Like raw material recovery, but from electronic systems and components
Energy Recovery (Waste to Energy)
Process of generating energy (electricity/heat) from primary treatment of waste
LCA
Assessment of environmental impacts of a design
Circular Economy
Resources remain in use for as long as possible (maximising value)
Embodied Energy
Total energy required to produce a product
Local Combined Heat and Power
Generating electrical and thermal power from a single fuel source
Individual Energy Generation
Small-scale generation of heat and electric power by individuals
Electrical Battery
Two or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy.
–> Portability
Incremental Solutions
Improved anddeveloped over time leading to new versions and generations
Radical Solutions
A completely new product is devised by going to the roots of the problem
System-level Solutions
Addresses the problem as the whole concerned with the interrelationship rather than individual elements
Green Design
Improves existing products by redesigning aspects of it to address environmental objectives
Prevention Principle
The avoidance or minimisation of hazards and waste
Precautionary Principle
The anticipation of potential problems in relation to the environmental impact of the production, use and disposal of a product
Eco Design
More comprehensive approach: materials, energy, pollution/waste
Cradle to Grave
Considers the effect frommanufacturetousetodisposal
LCA
Preproduction,Production,Distribution, Utilisation, and Disposal
Designfortheenvironmentsoftware
Allows designers to perform LCA
Environmental Impact Assessment Matrix
- Water, soil pollution and degradation
- Air contamination
- Noise pollution
- Energy consumption
- Natural Resource consumption
–> Effects on ecosystems
Converging technology
Synergistic merging of nanotechnology, biotechnology, information and communication technologies and cognitive sciences
Lithium Polymer
Rechargeable power source in portable electronic devices. Advantages: Low maintenance; High energy density; Higher level of safety compared to others
Lithium Ion
Rechargeable power source in portable electronic devices. Advantages: Lightweight; Low-maintenance; High energy density
Lead Acid Battery
Provide high current for cars and machinery. Advantages: Low maintenance; Capable of high discharge rates; Inexpensive to manufacture
Nickel Cadmium
Rechargeable power source for portable devices like power tools, radios and medical equipment. Advantages: High number of charge/discharge cycles; Simple and safe transportation; Fast charging and long shelf life
Nickel Metal Hydride
Electric vehicles and digital cameras. No transportation regulations; Higher capacity compared to NiCad; Higher voltage.
