Unit 2- Quiz 1

Question 1

Function of muscles

Answer 1

-Supports the body
-Keeps it upright
-Allows for movement
-Protects organs
-Main storage system for calcium, phosphorous, and components of blood

Question 2

Smooth Muscle

Answer 2

-Surrounding the body’s internal organs including blood vessels, hair follicles and the urinary, genital and digestive tracts
-Smooth muscles but can be contracted for longer periods of time
-Involuntary

Question 3

Cardiac Muscle

Answer 3

-Found in the heart
-Create the action that pumps blood from the heart to the rest of the body
-Involuntary and directed by the autonomic nervous system

Question 4

Skeletal Muscle

Answer 4

Found in muscles attached to bones
-Voluntary
-Cells are long and thread-like with alternating light and dark cross markings (Striations)

Question 5

All or none

Answer 5

Muscle contracts completely or not at all
-Force of the contraction is dependant on the state of the muscle fibre
-Muscles fatigue, weaker contraction occurs
Exercise effects: Efficient energy supply results from training so the muscle wont fatigue as quickly

Question 6

Fast Twitch, Slow Twitch

Answer 6

Fast: Fast to contract, fast to fatigue
Slow: Slow to contract, slow to fatigue
-Exercise effects: Genetics determine your ratio of fast to slow twitch. Training can strengthen either but if natural ability will always be stronger

Question 7

Number of Contracting Fibres

Answer 7

The more units recruited the greater the strength of the muscle contraction
Exercise: Intense training improves the body’s ability to recruit motor units resulting in greater strength

Question 8

Size of Muscle

Answer 8

The larger the cross-sectional area of a muscle, the greater its strength
Increase: Hypertrophy
Decrease: Atrophy
Effects of exercise: Training which produces hypertrophy will increase the muscles potential contractile force

Question 9

Natural

Answer 9

Individuals who have been gifted with relatives with greater strength may inherit these characteristics
Exercise: Training can improve natural ability

Question 10

Concentric Contraction

Answer 10

Muscle fibres shorten
-The force generated by the muscle was greater than the applied resistance which causes the muscle to shorten in length
Ex. Bicep curl

Question 11

Eccentric

Answer 11

Muscle fires lengthen
The muscle enters force but is overcome by resistance so the muscle returns to normal
Ex. Releasing a bicep curl

Question 12

Static (Isometric)

Answer 12

Muscle fibres do not change in length
The muscle exerts force but the resistance is equal or greater than the force produced by the muscle
Ex trying to lift something too heavy

Question 13

Agonist and Antagonist

Answer 13

The agonist is responsible for the movement of of a body part; the antagonist counteracts and lengthens when the agonist muscle contracts