Biomechanics test

Question 1

Gravity (Stability)

Answer 1

Force that exerts a downward pull on people + objects

Question 2

Center of gravity (stability)

Answer 2

An imaginary concentrated balance point. Intersection of 3 planes

Question 3

Line of gravity (stability)

Answer 3

A line passing straight down through the center of gravity to the ground

Question 4

Base of support (stability)

Answer 4

The area bounded by the supporting limbs and the space between them

Question 5

mass (stability)

Answer 5

A measure of resistance to linear motion. greater mass = greater resistance to motion

Question 6

States of Motion (stability)

Answer 6

Motionless, angular, linear

Question 7

Force (max effort)

Answer 7

Push or pull that causes motion, usually measured in newtons

Question 8

velocity (max effort)

Answer 8

the measure of how fast the body moves. measured in m per second (v=d/t)

Question 9

Acceleration (max effort)

Answer 9

the rate of change of velocity (a=v2-v1/t)

Question 10

Newtons 1st law

Answer 10

Every body will remain in a constant motion or rest unless acted on by an outside force

Question 11

Newtons 2nd law

Answer 11

The applied force is proportional to the resulting acceleration (greater applied force= greater acceleration)

Question 12

Newtons 3rd law

Answer 12

For every action force, there’s an equal and opposite reaction force

Question 13

Momentum (linear motion)

Answer 13

A strength or force gained by motion or by a series of events (M x V)

Question 14

Impulse (linear motion)

Answer 14

A certain amount of force you apply for a certain amount of time to cause a change in momentum (I = force x length of time x forces applied)

Question 15

Joint range of motion (linear motion)

Answer 15

The extent or limit to which a part of the body can be moved around a joint or a fixed point (measured in degrees)

Question 16

Streamlining (linear motion)

Answer 16

The contouring of an object, to reduce its drag or resistance to motion through a stream of air

Question 17

Angular motion

Answer 17

The motion of a body about a fixed point or axis (ex. Gymnast around a bar)

Question 18

Angular velocity (angular motion)

Answer 18

Rotational velocity of an athlete performing angular motion

Question 19

Torque (angular motion)

Answer 19

The tendency of a body to rotate about an axis of rotation (t= force x distance from axis of rotation)

Question 20

Moment of inertia

Answer 20

Measure of resistance to angular motion (i= mass x distance from axis) Ex. bring arms in on figure skating turn

Question 21

Angular momentum

Answer 21

Angular motion of linear momentum ( moi x angular velocity)

Question 22

Principle #1

Answer 22

The lower the centre of gravity, the larger the base of support, the closer the line of gravity to the centre of the base of support, and the greater the mass, the more stability increases.

Question 23

Principle #2

Answer 23

The production of maximum force requires the use of all joints that can be used

Question 24

Principle #3

Answer 24

The production of maximum velocity requires the use of joints in order from largest to smallest

Question 25

Principle #4

Answer 25

The greater the applied impulse, then greater the increase in velocity

Question 26

Principle #5

Answer 26

Movement usually occurs in the direction opposite that of the applied force

Question 27

Principle #6

Answer 27

Angular motion is produced by the application of a force acting at some distance from an axis, that is, by a torque

Question 28

Principle #7

Answer 28

Angular momentum is constant when an athlete or object is free in the air