Unit 2: Population Dynamics

Question 1

What can population growth models be used for?

Answer 1

To approximate and predict the growth of populations

Question 2

Carrying capacity can change and vary over time and space as resources do. True or False?

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is Density-Dependent Regulation?

Answer 3

regulation of population that is influenced by population density, such as crowding effects (biotic factors)

Question 4

How is density-dependent regulated?

Answer 4

As Density increases, Intraspecific Competition increases, and Average Fitness decreases

Question 5

What is Density-Independent Regulation?

Answer 5

regulation of population by factors that operate independent of population density, such as forest fires (abiotic factors)

Question 6

How is density-independent regulated?

Answer 6

abiotic factors can influence mortality regardless of density

Question 7

How are metapopulations connected?

Answer 7

By immigration and emigration

Question 8

What is Metapopulation dynamics?

Answer 8

change in the population of populations

Question 9

Why are populations in Metapopulations different?

Answer 9

populations are different because subpopulations are exchanging alleles

Question 10

What can restore or establish populations again?

Answer 10

Migrations

Question 11

What are are significant predators of patch extinction?

Answer 11

• small population size go extinct quicker
• small size of neighboring population
• low resource abundance
• low heterozygosity (genetic variance)

Question 12

Why is heterozygosity needed for subpopulations to survive?

Answer 12

the higher the heterozygosity score, the higher genetic variance, which is needed for natural selection and in order to adapt to selective pressure

Question 13

Who studies or discovered the overall balance between populations extinctions and re-colonizations?

Answer 13

Ilkka Hanski

Question 14

Given enough time, each populations within a meta population is expected to go extinct. True or False?

Answer 14

True

Question 15

In order to keep balance, as populations are expected to go extinct within a meta population, how is this balanced?

Answer 15

By migration establishing population, so a stable metapopulation size is maintained

Question 16

How is meta population size stability threatened?

Answer 16

By factors that decrease meta population connectivity, such as migration barriers or environment changes

Question 17

What causes population cycles?

Answer 17

Interspecific Interactions:
- host-parasite
- predator-prey dynamic
- competition with other species

Question 18

As growth rate declines in recent years, population is _________.

Answer 18

still growing

Question 19

Where is the largest population found?

Answer 19

Chine & India

Question 20

What are the stages of Age Structure models?

Answer 20

stage 1: rapid growth - will have growth in the future
stage 2: slow growth - will have growth in the future
stage 3: stable - population will stay relatively stable in the future
stage 4: population is expected to decline

Question 21

populations that _______ K have severe intraspecific competition.

Answer 21

“overshoot”

Question 22

Rapid growth can continue indefinitely. True or False?

Answer 22

False, rapid growth CANNOT continue indefinitely.

Question 23

Technological advances have increased K, and global growth is slowing. True or False?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What is Age Structure?

Answer 24

proportion of population members at specific age ranges

Question 25

What is Population Cycle?

Answer 25

predictable rise and fall in a population size