UNIT 2 – PHARMACOKINETICS

Question 1

first phase of drug action for ORAL medications. Oral drugs will undergo this process before absorption.

Answer 1

PHARMACEUTIC

Question 2

how the body moves and process the drugs

Answer 2

PHARMACOKINETICS

Question 3

• First step
• 2nd step
• 3rd step
• 4th step

Answer 3

• Drug Absorption
• Drug Distribution
• Drug Metabolism (biotransformation)
• Drug Excretion

Question 4

drug enters the bloodstream from its site of administration

Answer 4

Drug Absorption

Question 5

when drug is in the bloodstream

Answer 5

Drug Distribution

Question 6

inactivate drug

Answer 6

• Drug Metabolism (biotransformation)

Question 7

kidney

Answer 7

Drug Excretion

Question 8

Factors affecting drug absorption.

are slower to absorb than liquid preparation, it needs to
be dissolved first into a liquid form

Answer 8

Solid preparations

Question 9

Factors affecting drug absorption.

are readily absorbed in acidic than in alkaline environment.

Answer 9

Drugs

Question 10

Factors affecting drug absorption.

when the drug is in stomach acid, it will pass through the stomach walls best if it is an acidic drug.

Answer 10

Drug solubility to cross membranes

Question 11

Factors affecting drug absorption.

are readily absorbed than Non-lipid soluble drugs

Answer 11

Lipid soluble drugs

Question 12

Factors affecting drug absorption.

biggest factor determining the concentration of a drug that penetrates the
brain.

Answer 12

Lipid soluble drugs are readily absorbed than Non-lipid soluble drugs

Question 13

Factors affecting drug absorption.

have less gastric acidity that might affect absorption (slower)

Answer 13

Elderly

Question 14

Factors affecting drug absorption.

do not always interfere with the
absorption of a drug, some drugs absorbed faster with the presence of food, other drugs need to ingested in an empty stomach for faster absorption.

Answer 14

Presence of food in the stomach

Question 15

Factors affecting drug absorption.

factor associated with drug absorption that can result in incomplete absorption

Answer 15

Drug instability in gastric acid

Question 16

3rd step - Drug Metabolism (biotransformation)– liver inactivate drug

for oral meds – may decrease drug
bioavailability

Answer 16

First Pass Metabolism

Question 17

3rd step - Drug Metabolism (biotransformation)– liver inactivate drug

The medication is extensively metabolized in the
patient’s liver when it passes through the intestine via the portal vein

Answer 17

First Pass effect

Question 18

Allow drug to take on particular size and shape and to enhance drug dissolution.

Answer 18

EXCIPIENTS

Question 19

is the time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to be reduced by
half. It will help determine the frequency of drugs or dosing.

Answer 19

DRUG HALF-LIFE

 For example: Ibuprofen 500 mg half - life is 2 hours. So after 2 hours 250 mg will
be excreted out of the body and the other 250 mg still remains active inside the
body.
 Depends on drug metabolism, concentration of drug in plasma and rate of drug
elimination

Question 20

determines the dosage interval

Answer 20

Half-life