Unit 1 – Fundamental Concepts in Pharmacology

Question 1

is the study of drugs and its origin, chemical structure, preparation,
administration, action, metabolism and excretion.

Answer 1

PHARMACOLOGY

Question 2

art of preparing, compounding, and dispensing drugs. It also refers to the place where drugs are prepared and dispensed

Answer 2

PHARMACY

Question 3

first phase of drug when taken via the oral route, solid drugs will be converted to liquid form by gastric acids.

Answer 3

PHARMACEUTIC

Question 4

study of the time course of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism,
and excretion. How the body moves and affects the drugs. What the body do to the drug.

Answer 4

PHARMACOKINETICS

Question 4

study of a drug’s molecular, biochemical, and physiologic effects or actions. What the drug does to the body.

Answer 4

PHARMACODYNAMICS

Question 5

DRUG NAMES

Answer 5

• Generic or Nonproprietary Name
• Brand name or trade name or proprietary name
• Chemical name

Question 6

DRUG NAMES

name approved by the Medical or Pharmaceutical Associations in the original country of manufacture and is adopted by all countries.
e.g. Paracetamol

Answer 6

Generic or Nonproprietary Name

Question 7

DRUG NAMES

name given by the manufacturer of the
drug for selling in the market.
e.g. Adol or Panadol or Biogesic

Answer 7

Brand name or trade name or proprietary name

Question 8

DRUG NAMES

name that describes the atomic or chemical structure

Answer 8

Chemical name

Question 9

DRUG ACTIONS

Answer 9

• Stimulation
• Depression
• Excipients
• Therapeutic effect
• Side effect
• ADVERSE EFFECT (severe side effects)
• Type A
• Type B
• Drug Toxicity
• Drug Allergy
• Drug Tolerance

Question 10

DRUG ACTIONS

effect is when the drug increases the rate of cell activity or secretion from the
gland.

Answer 10

Stimulation

Question 11

DRUG ACTIONS

effect is when the drug decreases the rate of cell activity or secretion from the
gland.

Answer 11

Depression

Question 12

DRUG ACTIONS

substances that will allow drug to take on particular size and shape and to enhance
drug dissolution.

Answer 12

Excipients

Question 13

DRUG ACTIONS

also referred as the DESIRED EFFECT (primary effect intended)

Answer 13

Therapeutic effect

Question 14

DRUG ACTIONS

also referred as the SECONDARY EFFECT (unintended effect) – Hold the
medications and inform the doctor.

Answer 14

Side effect

Question 15

DRUG ACTIONS

Hold the medications and inform the doctor.

Answer 15

ADVERSE EFFECT (severe side effects)

Question 16

DRUG ACTIONS

Augmented – expected

Answer 16

Type A

Question 17

DRUG ACTIONS

Bizarre – totally unexpected

Answer 17

Type B

Question 18

DRUG ACTIONS

Deleterious effects of a drug resulting from over dosage, ingestion of external
use drug, and accumulation on the blood stream

Answer 18

Drug Toxicity

Question 19

DRUG ACTIONS

immunologic reaction to drug

Answer 19

Drug Allergy

Question 20

DRUG ACTIONS

exists in person with unusually minimal physiologic response to a drug compared to other individuals. A person was given a maximum dose of a drug but experienced low physiologic response/effect.

Answer 20

Drug Tolerance

Question 21

DRUG ACTIONS

Repeated administration of the same drug decreases the effectiveness of that drug

Answer 21

increasing the dose usually will be done

Question 21

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

If the RN is uncertain about the calculation

Answer 21

ask another nurse to double check

Question 22

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

What you prepare, you administer

Answer 22

Do not allow other nurse to give the medication that
you prepared.

Question 22

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

Check Label of

Answer 22

medication

Question 23

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

Comparison of medication from written order to

Answer 23

medication sheet

Question 24

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

Recheck after preparation with

Answer 24

another nurse

Question 25

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

check ID band, ask the patient his name, compare in
the patients chart and ID band.Correct Identification of patient

Answer 25

Correct Identification of patient

Question 26

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

most important principle in drug
administration.

Answer 26

Observe 10 rights in giving medication

Question 27

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

10 rights in giving medication

Answer 27

• Right Medication
• Right dose
• Right time
• Right route
• Right client
• Right client education
• Right documentation
• Right to refuse
• Right assessment
• Right evaluation

Question 28

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

check at least 3 times

Answer 28

Right Medication

Question 29

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

Asking patients name and compare it with ID band.

Answer 29

Right client

Question 29

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

correct drug computation

Answer 29

Right dose

Question 30

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

education about the medication and why it has been

Answer 30

Right client education

Question 31

PRACTICE GUIDELINES

nurse first action is to educate the patient on the importance of
medication.

Answer 31

Right to refuse

Question 32

Safe drug administration

Answer 32

• Oral Medications
• Avoid crushing
• If the patient has difficulty swallowing an enteric coated tablet or capsule
• If client has been prescribed with a new medication, the nurse should include in the health teachings
• OTIC MEDICATIONS

Question 33

Safe drug administration

most convenient route for drug administration, do not give to
patient who are vomiting

Answer 33

Oral Medications

Question 34

Safe drug administration

sustained action drugs, enteric coated, buccal or sublingual tablets
If the patient has difficulty swallowing an enteric coated tablet or capsule – advise the patient
to take the medication with a large amount of water to facilitate swallowing.
Give plenty of water to help swallow big enteric coated capsules or tablets.

Answer 34

Avoid crushing

Question 35

Safe drug administration

produces a more rapid response than oral medications

Answer 35

Parenteral medications

Question 36

Safe drug administration

If client has been prescribed with a new medication

Answer 36

the nurse should include in the
health teachings

Question 37

Safe drug administration

If client has been prescribed with a new medication, the nurse should include in the
health teachings

Answer 37

a. Desired effect of the medication
b. Dietary considerations
c. Storage of medication in the refrigerator
d. Written instructions on how to administer the medication

Question 38

OTIC MEDICATIONS

Answer 38

Child – backwards and downwards
Adult – backwards and upwards