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Pathophysiology > Unit 2 - part 1 > Flashcards

Unit 2 - part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 NORMAL layers of oral mucosa?

A

Oral Epi (OE) Lamina Propria (gingival connective tissue) Submucosa

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2
Q

_______ tissue covers the hard palate and the attached and free gingiva?

A

Masticatory

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3
Q

The cheeks and the soft palate are covered with _____ mucosa

A

lining

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4
Q

Non-Masticatory mucosa covers what surfaces?

A

Vestibules Alveolar Mucosa

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5
Q

All cellular mitosis occurs where?

A

Basal Lamina

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6
Q

What structure separates the OE from the connective tissue?

A

Basement Membrane

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7
Q

What term is used to describe the process of cellular growth going from the bottom layer (basement membrane) up to the surface?

A

Orthokeratinization

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8
Q

Cells form on the _____ _______ and are seen as round cells?

A

basal lamina

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9
Q

Cells go from being round in shape to being “squished” and have projections (desmosoomes) sticking out of them….this layer is called the?

A

Prickle layer

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10
Q

What layer comes after the prickle layer?

A

Granular layer

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11
Q

What is the 4th layer called and what type of tissue has a 4th layer?

A

Keratin Layer Masticatory

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12
Q

The average amount of days for a cell to go from “birth” to “death” is?

A

25 days

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13
Q

The lamina propria contains what cells?

A

Fibroblasts Macrophage Mast

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14
Q

The submucosa contains?

A

salivary glands blood vessels muscles

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15
Q

What is the term for a epithelium projection into the connective tissue?

A

Rete Pegs

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16
Q

What is a common area to have hyperkeratosis?

A

Linea Alba (cheek bite)

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17
Q

Why does hyperkeratosis appear white in the mouth?

A

because it absorbs more fluid and reflects back a white color

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18
Q

What is the fancy name for a cheek bite?

A

Morsicatio Buccarum

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19
Q

71% of all white lesions of the oral mucosa are?

A

Benign Hyperkeratosis

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20
Q

A _______ is a white, opaque, leathery lesion NOT clinically identifiable from other white lesions?

A

Leukoplakia

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21
Q

If someone has a white lesion in ________ it automatically needs to be biopsied and taken care of cause it isn’t normal?

A

floor of mouth

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22
Q

A dysplastic leukoplakia is a white spot with ________

A

dyskeratosis

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23
Q

Dyskeratosis is often associated with?

A

malignancy

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24
Q

A THIN white keratotic film usually over the lower lip is termed a?

A

Solar Cheilosis

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25
Q

Solar Cheilosis predisposes to?

A

cancer of lip

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26
Q

What is the most common zone for skin cancers?

A

Ala-traga zone (head of bald guys also)

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27
Q

Solar Cheilosis is also called?

A

Actinic keratosis

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28
Q

White sponge nevus is a ________ keratosis with a _________ white folded ________

A

congenital familial gingivostomatitis

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29
Q

White sponge nevus always involves the ?

A

cheek mucosa

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30
Q

Microscopically the white sponge nevus will have ________edema with broad fused _____ ______?

A

prickle cell rete pegs

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31
Q

Is White Sponge Nevus harmless or harmful?

A

harmless

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32
Q

What is a term for a white/gray layer of clear, thin, non wrinkled mucosa?

A

Leukodema

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33
Q

What lesion found in the mouth is USUALLY found on flexor surfaces of arms and legs?

A

Lichen Planus

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34
Q

The term for the raised white lines and dots (zig-zag “cracks”) found in Lichen Planus?

A

Wicham Stria

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35
Q

Lichen Planus is due to?

A

over-correction of inflammatory response

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36
Q

Lichen Planus is seen microscopically with extensive _________ infiltration, liquefaction of ________, and a prominent ______ layer

A

lymphocyte basal layer granular

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37
Q

When you have Wicham Striae the lesion is called a ________ lichen planus

A

reticular

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38
Q

______ Lichen Planus is characterized by painful, burning ulcer patches?

A

Erosive

39
Q

What is the tx/fix for Lichen Planus?

A

No TX just let it run its course

40
Q

Nicotine Stomatitis is found where?

A

palate

41
Q

What is the etiology of Nicotine Stomatitis?

A

heat and tar irritant from smoking

42
Q

Nicotine Stomatitis is sen clinically with _______ that have a central _______ corresponding to the inflamed _______?

A

papule red accessory saliva glands

43
Q

Name this lesion that is caused by heat and irritants from smoking

A

Nicotine Stomatitis

44
Q

This lesion is exacerbated by emotional stress and is seen microscopically with a prominent granular layer

A

Erosive Lichen Planus

45
Q

This lesion is congenital and has a edematous prickle cell layer

A

White Sponge Nevus

46
Q

This lesion is commonly found in the ala-traga zone

(Skin flakes off then comes back flaky again)

A

Actinic Keratosis

47
Q

What is this lesion called? What are the white “cracks” called?

A

Reticular Lichen Planus

Wicham Striae

48
Q

This lesion is often found on lower lip and predisposes to cancer

A

Solar Cheilosis

49
Q

This type of white lesion is associated with malignancy and has dyskeratosis microscopically

A

Dysplastic Leukoplakia

50
Q

This lesion is pre- ________ and has a _____% chance of progressing into a carcinoma

A

malignant

90

51
Q

Is this normal?

What is it called?

A

YES

Cheek Bite (Morsicatio Buccarum)

52
Q

What do we call a RED lesion when we dont know the cause?

A

Erythoplakia

53
Q

There are currently ______ forms of Herpes?

A

8

54
Q

What is the term for a FIRST encounter breakout of Herpes?

A

Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

55
Q

80% of the time is is herpes ___ or ___ when found in the oral cavity?

A

1

2

56
Q

Which herpes simplex virus comes back more often?

A

2

57
Q

What herpes virus causes Kaposi’s sarcoma?

A

CMV Cytomegaly Virus

58
Q

Epstein-Bar virus causes what common disease?

A

Infectious Mononucleosis

59
Q

Recurrent Herpes lesions or commonly called _____ ______ are __ lesions that are found on the _____ gingiva?

A

Cold Sores, Fever Blisters etc.

single

attached

60
Q

Where does the herpes virus live while dormant?

A

Trigeminal Ganglion

61
Q

A cold sore lasts how long?

A

7-14 days

62
Q

Herpes Zoster or _______ affects what age group?

A

Shingles

60 and over

63
Q

Shingles is preceded by ______ and comes from the ______ region affecting the _____?

A

pain

spinal

trunk

64
Q

What is the etiology of Shingles?

A

Vericella zoster (chicken pox)

65
Q

What is the term for a canker sore?

A

Apthous ulcer

66
Q

Canker sores appear on the _____ side of the mouth on the _______ gingiva?

A

wet

unattached

67
Q

What is the term for herpes under the nail bed?

A

Herpetic Whitlow

68
Q

The etiology of a canker sore is ______ but probably due to?

A

unkown

immune reaction to hemolytic strep

69
Q

TB is a ______ associated disease?

A

lung

70
Q

If TB affects the mouth it looks like an _____ or an ____ of the mucous membrane?

A

abcess

ulcer

71
Q

What is the tx for someone who gets TB?

A

INH therapy

(6 mo antibiotic therapy)

72
Q

What is the pathognomonic for syphilis?

A

Spirochete-treponema pallidum

73
Q

What accompanies the primary syphillis stage?

A

Big Chancre for 2-3 wks

74
Q

The secondary stage of syphilis is affiliated with?

A

Flue-like symptoms with a mucous patch

(weeks/months later)

75
Q

What is the tertiary (3rd) stage of syphilis affiliated with?

A

Gumma (rubbery lesion in palate)

Glossitis

Death!!!

(1-20 yrs later)

76
Q

What is the most common fungal infection in the oral cavity?

A

Candidiasis

77
Q

Oral Candidiasis is often called _______ and has a smooth, _____ or ____ plaque that _____be wiped off?

A

thrush

white

yellow

can

78
Q

What will the tissue look like if a yeat infection has been wiped away?

A

Red (on fire)

79
Q

Older people who get thrush can present with?

A

Angular Cheilitis

80
Q

What is the term for a common wart in the oral cavity?

A

Oral Verruca Vulgaris

81
Q

What is a wart in the oral cavity caused by?

A

HPV

82
Q

What age is the peak time to get a HPV vaccination?

A

11

83
Q

What strains of HPV cause genital/oral warts?

A

6 And 11

84
Q

What strains of HPV cause cervical cancer?

A

16, 18

85
Q

Fordyce Granules are a _______ condition that presents as ectopic ______glands found in the _____ _____ of the mucosa?

A

normal

sebaceous (oil)

lamina propria

86
Q

What is a raised, white irregular line on the buccal mucosa at occlusal plane level that CAN’T be wiped off?

A

Linea Alba

87
Q

What is a white-grey film “saran-wrap” look to the buccal mucosa that CANT be wiped off?

A

Leukoedema

88
Q

What are yellow creamy spots cound mostly in buccal mucosa with preponderance in males?

A

Fordyce Granules

89
Q

What is the name for Cheek Biting?

A

Morsicatio Buccarum

90
Q

What are two common causes of CHEMICAL burns of the mouth?

A

Bleach

Asprin

91
Q

Chemicals burn mucosa either through ____ or _____ reactions?

A

Systemic (allergic)

local

92
Q

What is an inherited disease resulting in clusters of capillaries with enlarged ends?

A

Hereditary Telangectasia

93
Q
A

Pathophysiology (12 decks)

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