Unit 2-networks Flashcards
Networking
The exchange of information between people and organisations
Describe the DNS
Domain Name System
Domain names r given for internet hosts and is a hierarchy system of finding a domain’s IP address
What is a hub?
Hardware used to make up the LAN and floods data through a network
Private network
Network owned by 1 co./org. who are in charge of: Buying equipment and software Maintaining the network Training its staff Often a LAN or intranet
What is a node?
A device, e.g. computer, connected to a network
Public network
Owned by a telecom co. like BT
Many will use it
No specific password needed
Sub-sections may be under security management
Define topology
How the physical structure of a network fits together and works
What is a modem?
Converts analogue data (from public communications) to digital data and vice versa
What is a WAP and what does it do?
A device that makes the local wireless network between devices with WiFi/Bluetooth
Define bus network
A network of one central cable with nodes running along
What is a router?
Hardware used to connect private networks together (can join LANs, WANs, and WLANs) and translates protocols
Also has public and private IP addresses
Define bottle-necking
Where there’s too many requests for the server to handle at the same time
Define WLAN
Wireless Local Area Network
Define bandwidth
The amount of data that CAN go through a network @ 1 time
What is DSL and what does it mean?
Digital Subscriber Line
A wired internet connection that uses local phone lines
List the terms for a computer
Node
Client
Host
What is a MAC address?
The unique ID address of a single computer
Define collision domain
The bit of the network where collision happen-often with simplex and abs half-duplex networks
Define penetration
How far a signal can go through different media,e.g. walls and the atmosphere
What does CSMA/CD stand for?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
What is a protocol?
Standard rules about how something is done
What’s zero compression?
Using a double colon to indicate two sets of 4 zeroes in an IPv6 address
Define watermark
The maximum and minimum values of a buffer
What is Ethernet?
A protocol and a wired internet connection
What does buffering mean?
When data is being transmitted quicker from the buffer to device than from the file server to the buffer
What are public and private IPs?
Public 1s connect you to the internet
Private 1s are the ones for the local network you’re using
What is half-duplex communication?
When 2 devices are connected but can’t communicate at the same time
Define attenuation
How much the signal reduces over time and the distance it travels
What is a dynamic IP address?
An IP address that is temporarily given when a computer joins a network
What does a IP address conflict mean?
It’s when a dynamic and static IP address are the same
What does PSTN stand for and what does it mean?
Public Switch Telephone Network; this is like a modem and is the network traditional landlines use for calling each other
What’s a static IP address?
A permanent address given by the network’s server/ISP
Define bit rate
The no. of bits that can be sent per second
Also measure of transfer rate
What does buffering mean?
Temporary data storage (being streamed)
What is CIDR?
Classless inter-domain routing
Gives the IPv4 address a suffix so there’s more bits for the his and netIDs
What’s broadcast transmission?
When data’s sent from the sender to the end receiver
What’s the VoIP?
Voice over Internet Protocol-this converts video calls and internet telephone digital data over the internet
What is broadband?
A broad bandwidth
What is IPv4?
32 bit IP address format with full stops and denary no.s like 120.21.109.4.
What does simplex communication?
Data/ communication travels 1 way
What is IPv6?
128 bit IP address using colons and hexadecimal code-allows more host and netIDs, e.g. 3AF0:0000:756C:63C3:BBF0:5F2F:DF09:4404
What is spread frequency hopping?
The device picks 1 of 79 channels at random and chooses another if it is already being used, several times per second
What is a NetID and HostID?
These are the amount of bits given for the amount of networks and hosts in an IP address
What’s a URL?
Uniform Resource Locator-finds out the location of a web page
What is sub-netting?
Using the AND mask to split the network up into smaller, many other networks
