Unit 2: Molecular Shapes and Polarity, Hybridization, VB/MO Theory

Question 1

Tetrahedral

Answer 1

4 areas of electron density, 4 bonds - 109.5º angle to maximize distance
NONPOLAR

Question 2

Trigonal Pyramidal

Answer 2

4 areas of electron density, 3 bonds, 1 lone pair
POLAR

Question 3

Bent

Answer 3

4 areas of electron density: 2 bonds, 2 lone pairs
POLAR

Question 4

Water has a ____________ molecular geometry

Answer 4

bent

Question 5

Trigonal Planar

Answer 5

3 areas of electron density, all bonds
NONPOLAR

Question 6

Linear

Answer 6

2 areas of electron density, both bonds
NONPOLAR

Question 7

4 areas of electron density: 4 bonds

Answer 7

tetrahedral

Question 8

4 areas of electron density: 3 bonds, 1 lone pair = – 107.3º angles

Answer 8

trigonal pyramidal

Question 9

4 areas of electron density: 2 bonds, 2 lone pairs – 104.5º angles

Answer 9

bent

Question 10

3 areas of electron density, all bonds – 120º angles

Answer 10

trigonal planar

Question 11

2 areas of electron density, both bonds – 180º angles

Answer 11

linear

Question 12

A bond dipole occurs when electrons ________ in a covalent bond (aka, a ____________ bond)

Answer 12

aren’t shared equally, polar covalent

Question 13

Occurs when bond dipoles don’t cancel each other out

Answer 13

molecular dipole moment

Question 14

single bond =

Answer 14

σ

Question 15

double bond =

Answer 15

σ + 1π

Question 16

triple bond =

Answer 16

σ + 2π

Question 17

sp^3

Answer 17

4 hybrid orbitals (1 “s” + 3 “p”)
single bonds

Question 18

sp^2

Answer 18

3 hybrid orbitals (1 “s” + 2 “p”)
double bonds

Question 19

sp

Answer 19

2 hybrid orbitals (1 “s” + 1”p”)
triple bonds

Question 20

an atom in a molecule that forms only single bonds is __________

Answer 20

“sp3 hybridized”