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CH 320M > Unit 10: Intro to Acids and Bases, pKa > Flashcards

Unit 10: Intro to Acids and Bases, pKa Flashcards

1
Q

approximate pKa of HCl

A

-7

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2
Q

approximate pKa of Hydronium (H3O+)

A

-1.75

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3
Q

approximate pKa of carboxylic acids (RCOOH)

A

4-5

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4
Q

approximate pKa of Ammonium (NH4+)

A

9.24

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5
Q

approximate pKa of Water (H2O)

A

15.7

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6
Q

approximate pKa of alcohols (ROH)

A

16-18

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7
Q

approximate pKa of alkynes

A

25

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8
Q

approximate pKa of amines

A

38

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9
Q

approximate pKa of alkenes

A

44

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10
Q

approximate pKa of alkanes

A

50

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11
Q

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases: Acids are ___________, and bases are __________

A

proton donors
proton acceptors

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12
Q

proton =

A

“H” atom

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13
Q

An acid-base reaction is also called a _____________, because protons are moved from the acid to the base. Conjugate acid-base pairs are any pair of molecules that can be turned into one another by simply _______________

A

proton-transfer reaction
transferring one proton (usually H)

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14
Q

pKa is the measure of the ________ of an acid.

A

relative strength

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15
Q

The lower the pKa, the _______ the acid.

A

stronger

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16
Q

Acid – proton =

A

Conjugate Base (CB)

17
Q

Base + proton =

A

Conjugate Acid (CA)

18
Q

Conjugate Base (CB) =

A

Acid – proton

19
Q

Conjugate Acid (CA) =

A

Base + proton

20
Q

Curved arrows coming from ________ indicate the formation of a new bond

A

a lone pair to a new atom

21
Q

Curved arrows coming from __________ indicate the breaking of that bond

A

a bond to one of the atoms in that bond

22
Q

H2O is in _______ of the acid, so its concentration essentially remains _______

A

large excess
constant

23
Q

The lower the pKa , the ______ the acid and the _______ the conjugate base

A

stronger
weaker

24
Q

The higher the pKa , the _______ the acid and the ________ the conjugate base

A

weaker
stronger

25
Q

Since pKa is the inverse log of Ka , pKa decreases as ______ increases

A

Ka

26
Q

Ka is a measure of…

A

acid dissociation in water

27
Q

Ka tells us about the bond strength between an ______ and ___________

A

acid
its acidic proton (H)

28
Q

Acids are protonated when the pH is _______ than the pKa

A

lower

29
Q

If the pH is higher the pKa of the acid, then the acid will be ___________

A

deprotonated

30
Q

pKa is ________ related to the acid strength

A

inversely

31
Q

The ______ the pKa, the stronger the acid

A

lower

32
Q

The weaker the acid, the _________ the conjugate base

A

stronger

33
Q

Acids are deprotonated when the pH is _______ than the pKa

A

higher

34
Q

If the pH is below the pKa of the acid, then the acid will be ________

A

protonated

35
Q
A

CH 320M (8 decks)

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