unit 2 last Flashcards
What are the 4 gestalt principles?
Figure-ground
Similarity
Proximity
Closure
What is accommodation
Lens bulges to focus on close objects, lens flattens to focus on far objects
What is motion parallax
Uses movement to gauge how far something is
What is linear perspective
The apparent convergence of parallel lines as they go into the distance
What is interposition
When one object overlaps another, the covered object is perceived as further away
What is texture gradient
The more detail, the closer something is
What is relative size
If something creates a smaller retinal image, it is perceived as further away
What is height in visual field
The closer something is to the horizon, the further away we perceive it as
What are photoreceptors
Sensory receptors of the eyes which receive light and convert this sensory information into a form that can be sent to the brain.
Changes electromagnetic energy into electrochemical energy.
Retinal disparity
A binocular depth cue
Our eyes are about 6-7cm apart, this means that each retina receives a slightly different image
Bottom-up processing
Info processing where perceptual experiences are created by building larger wholes from minute aspects of sensory data (slower)
Top-down processing
Info processing where psychological, social, and contextual info is applied and influences the perception of stimuli
RTTSOI?
Reception
Transduction
Transmission
Selection
Organisation
Interpretation
What are rods and cones?
Photoreceptors in retina
Rods: Low light
Cones: colour
What is convergence?
Eyes turn inward for close objects
What is Counterbalancing?
All participants complete each condition, but half of the participants experience the conditions in the reverse order
Divided attention
Allows us to process multiple sources of information or stimuli more effectively.
What is Selective Attention
Allows us to focus on one task
Perception set: (related to skittles experiment
Certain colors of skittles to have specific flavours.
Synesthesia
Experience the perception of flavor differently from other participants as one stimulus could activate sensory systems. This could act as an extraneous variable.
What is Relative size?
If two objects are the same size, then the object that produces the larger image on the retina will be perceived as closet.
What is Spacial Neglect?
Refers to an inability to perceive or orient sensory information located within on side of the space. Individuals with Spatial neglect do not have malfunction senses.
Dot to dot experiment:
Selective and divided attention
Selective = Dot to Dot
Divided = Dot to Dot + Singing.
IV and DV
IV= Singing
DV= How many answers you got right
Conclusion of Dot to Dot
It can be concluded that using divided attention had a negative impact on task completion compared to when participants did not need to divide their attention.
Primary and Secondary Data: (Dot to Dot)
Primary = Data collection
Secondary = Didn’t collect any
