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Criminology > Unit 2 key words > Flashcards

Unit 2 key words Flashcards

1
Q

Actus reus

A

guilty act

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1
Q

Mens rea

A

Guilty mind/intention

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2
Q

Combination order

A

court sentence combining probation order and community service order

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3
Q

Civil partnership

A

legally recognised agreement for same-sex couples

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4
Q

Execute

A

Kill someone as legal punishment

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5
Q

Statute

A

Act of parliament or legislation

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6
Q

Miscarriage of justice

A

Punishment for a crime not committed

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7
Q

Acquittal

A

Not guilty verdict of a crime they have been charged of doing

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8
Q

Solicit

A

sex for money

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9
Q

Kerb crawlers

A

driving slowly along a road in order to ask a prostitute for sex

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10
Q

Brothel

A

place where you go to pay for a prostitute

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11
Q

Manslaughter

A

unlawful killing, no malice or afterthought, in circumstance it is not murder

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12
Q

Diminished responsibility

A

partial defence for murder resulting in convivtion of manslaughter instead

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13
Q

Mandatory

A

required by law

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14
Q

Consent

A

defence law that proves permssion was provided by appropriate person for crime to happen

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15
Q

Self-defence

A

defence in law allowing responsible force to avoid conviction

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16
Q

Automatism

A

defence where defendant isnt in control of actions

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17
Q

Monozygotic

A

identical twins

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18
Q

Dizygotic

A

non-identical/fraternal twins

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19
Q

Concordance

A

in agreement or harmony

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20
Q

Atavistic

A

ancient or ancesteral

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21
Q

Somatotype

A

Body shape

22
Q

PET scan

A

positron emission tomography 3D images of the body

23
Q

Observational learning

A

observers behaviour changes after viewing a model

24
Q

Differential association

A

interactions

25
Q

Juvenile delinquent

A

under the age of 18 and breaking the law

26
Q

Control group

A

group in a study that doesnt receive treatment and is used as a benchmark for comparisons

27
Q

Extraversion

A

mainly concerned with gaining pleasure from things outside ones self

28
Q

Introversion

A

directing interest inward or to do things by self

29
Q

Neuroticism

A

feelings of anxiety,worry,anger or fear

30
Q

Psychoticism

A

personality pattern typified by aggression and hostility towards others

31
Q

Marxist

A

supports political and economic theories of Karl Marx, capitalism is unequal and based on exploiting working class/proletariat

32
Q

Capitalism

A

producing and distributing goods for profit

33
Q

Anomie

A

loss of shared principles or norms

34
Q

Ritualistic

A

performing same way

35
Q

Retreatist

A

rejection of societys goals and means of attaining them

36
Q

Folk devils

A

bad influence on society

37
Q

Deviancy amplification

A

deviant behaviour exaggerated creating more deviance

38
Q

Steryotyping

A

widely help over enlarged image of a type of person

39
Q

Consumerism

A

projection or promotion in interest of consumers

40
Q

Materialism

A

consideration that material goods are the most important

41
Q

Paranoid schizophrenic

A

illness of psychosis of varying intensity making them lose touch with reality

42
Q

Whole life tariff

A

irder that a convicted felon must serve all sentencein prison without parole

43
Q

Recidivism

A

tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend

44
Q

Biological determinism

A

personality or behaviour caused by genes rather than environmental factors ie nature over nurture

45
Q

Incarcerated criminals

A

people found guilty of a offence and are in prison

46
Q

Punitive laws

A

laws intended to punish

47
Q

Custodial sentence

A

punishment of being sent to prison

48
Q

Facilitator

A

assitant in making a task easier

49
Q

Safeguarding

A

protection from harm or damage with appropriate measure

50
Q

Sex offender register

A

details of anyone convicted, cautioned or released from prison for sexual offences against children or adults. kept by police

51
Q

Pilot scheme

A

used to test an idea before deciding to introduce large scale

52
Q

Young offenders

A

prison for 28 to 20 year olds

Criminology (11 decks)

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