Unit 2 - KA3 - The Biology of controlling fertility

Question 1

fertility of men

Answer 1

Men show continuous fertility, continually producing sperm from the onset of puberty.

Question 2

fertility of women

Answer 2

Women show cyclic fertility, only being fertile for a few days during each menstrual cycle.

Question 3

what happens to female when fertile

Answer 3

A woman’s body temperature rises by around 0.5oC after ovulation and her cervical mucus becomes thin and watery.

Question 4

Physical barrier methods of contraception

Answer 4

condom , female condom, cervix cap, sponge

Question 5

Inter-uterine device (IUD)

Answer 5

a small T-shaped plastic and copper device that releases copper into the uterus. The copper alters cervical mucus making it more difficult for the sperm to swim to the egg. It also can prevent a fertilised egg from implanting in the uterus.

Question 5

Vasectomy

Answer 5

Occurs in males, a small incision and the vas deferens is cut and cauterised to prevent from sperm from travelling and being ejaculated.

Question 6

Tubal ligation

Answer 6

Occurs in females, the oviducts are cut and clipped (or cauterised) to prevent ova from reaching the uterus and prevent sperm from reaching the ova.

Question 7

What do Contraceptive pills contain?

Answer 7

It contains a combination of synthetic oestrogen and progesterone

Question 8

what does the synthetic oestrogen and progesterone do ?

Answer 8

that mimics negative feedback preventing the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland. Therefore, it prevents the development of any follicles.

Question 9

what does the progesterone only (mini pill) do?

Answer 9

thickens cervical mucus preventing the sperm from entering the uterus.

Question 10

what does the emergency or morning after do?

Answer 10

prevent or delay ovulation. It can be taken up to 72 hours or 120 hours after unprotected sex depending on which type of pill is used.