Unit 2 - KA2 (Hormonal control of reproduction) Flashcards
When does the Hypothalamus secrete a releaser hormone which targets the pituitary gland?
During Puberty
What are the three pituitary hormones that are released during puberty?
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Lutenising Hormone (LH)
Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)
What sex release Follicle stimulating hormones (FSH)?
Male and Females
What sex releases Lutenising Hormones (LH)?
Females
What sex releases Interstitial cell stimulating hormones (ICSH)?
Males
What triggers the onset of puberty?
The release of pituitary hormones
What are FSH and ICSH secreted by?
Pituitary Gland
What is the target of FSH?
Seminiferous tubules
What is the target of ICSH?
Interstitial cells of the testes
What effect does FSH have?
Promotes sperm production
What effect does ICSH have?
Stimulates production of testosterone
What is testosterone secreted by?
Interstitial cells of the testes
What is the target of testosterone?
Semiferous tubles and accessory glands
What is the effect of testosterone?
Stimulates sperm production
How long does the average menstrual cycle last?
28 days
What are the two phases of the menstrual cycle?
Stage 1: Follicular phase
Stage 2: Luteal Phase
During the first phase of the menstrual cycle what does the pituitary gland release?
FSH
What two effects does FSH have?
- Stimulates the development and maturation of a follicle in the ovary.
- Stimulates the wall of the follicle and the ovarian tissue to secrete the hormone oestrogen.
What is the immediate effect of oestrogen?
To bring about the repair and proliferation of the endometrium (uterine wall).
What does peak levels of oestrogen do?
Stops the pituitary producing FSH and stimulates it to produce a surge in the secretion of LH
What does a surge of LH trigger?
Ovulation
What is ovulation and when does it occur?
Ovulation is the release of an ovum and occurs about day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
What do high oestrogen levels affect?
The consistency of the cervical mucus, it thins it meaning it is more easily penetrated by sperm and leads to an increased chance of fertilisation.
What does the corpus luteum secrete?
A hormone called progesterone
