Unit 2 - KA1 (Gamete production and fertilisation)

Question 1

What are the 4 functions of the male reproductive system?

Answer 1

• Produces male sex hormones
• Produces sperm in the testes
• Stores sperm in the testes
• Penis Deposits sperm into the vagina during sexual intercourse.

Question 2

What are seminiferous tubules?

Answer 2

Mass of sperm producing tubules

Question 3

Where are interstitial tissue found?

Answer 3

It is found between the seminiferous tubules

Question 4

What are interstitial tissues composed of?

Answer 4

Composed of interstitial cells

Question 5

Where is testosterone produced?

Answer 5

In the interstitial cells of the testes

Question 6

What is the function of testosterone?

Answer 6

Stimulates the sperm

Question 7

How and where are sperm produced?

Answer 7

Formed by meiosis in the seminiferous tubules.

Question 8

What is mobility?

Answer 8

The ability to move

Question 9

What is viability?

Answer 9

The ability to survive and be successful

Question 10

What does successful fertilisation rely on?

Answer 10

It relies on the ability of the sperm to move from the vagina, up through the uterus and into the oviducts where an ovum is present.

Question 11

What is another word for oviducts?

Answer 11

Fallopian Tube

Question 12

What is another word for fallopian tube?

Answer 12

Oviducts

Question 13

What does mobility of sperm require?

Answer 13

• An energy source
• Fluid medium to swim in
• Other secretions to ensure viability

Question 14

What are 2 types of accessory glands?

Answer 14

• Seminal Vesicle Glands
• Prostate Gland

Question 15

What is the function of the prostate gland?

Answer 15

Secretes a fluid containing enzymes which maintain the correct viscosity (consistency) for sperm mobility.

Question 16

What is the function of the seminal vesicle gland?

Answer 16

Releases a liquid rich in fructose (sugar) which provides energy for sperm.
Also releases a prostaglandin (a hormone-like chemical) which stimulates contractions i the female reproduction system.

Question 17

What is semen?

Answer 17

The collective name for the sperm and secreted fluids. It has a milky appearance.

Question 18

What are the 4 functions of the female reproductive system?

Answer 18

• Produces female gametes, Ova, in the ovaries.
• Produces two female sex hormones in the ovaries; oestrogen and progesterone.
• Uterus supports and provides nutrients to the developing zygote (fertilised egg) and later the embryo.
• Gives birth to the offspring.

Question 19

What is the function of the uterus?

Answer 19

Supports and provides nutrients to the developing zygote (fertilised egg) and later the embryo.

Question 20

What are the two hormones the ovaries produce?

Answer 20

Oestrogen and Progesterone

Question 21

What are the female gametes and where are they found.

Answer 21

Ova (ovum singular), found in the ovaries

Question 22

What is ovum contained in?

Answer 22

Follicle

Question 23

What is follicle?

Answer 23

A cluster of cells which contain the ovum.

Question 24

What do follicles secrete?

Answer 24

The hormone oestrogen

Question 25

What is ovulation?

Answer 25

The release of a mature ovum.

Question 26

What does an empty follicle develop into and when?

Answer 26

Develops into a corpus luteum after ovulation

Question 27

What does corpus luteum secrete?

Answer 27

The hormone progesterone

Question 28

Where does fertilisation take place?

Answer 28

Fallopian tube/ Oviduct

Question 29

What is fertilisation?

Answer 29

Process by which the nucleus of the male sperm cell (haploid) fuses with the nucleus of the ovum (haploid) to form a diploid cell, Zygote (fertilised egg)