Unit 2 - KA2 - Cellular Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

Produced by the breakdown of pyruvate

A

Acetyl group

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2
Q

A substrate that can be used for respiration instead of carbohydrate

A

Protein or Fat -

Alternative Respiratory Substances

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3
Q

High energy compound used for energy transfer in cells

A

Adenosine Tri-Phosphate

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4
Q

The chemical reaction which causes the release of energy from a respiratory substrate

A

Cellular Respiration

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5
Q

The first substance produced in the citric acid cycle

A

Citrate

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6
Q

Second stage of aerobic respiration, takes place in the central matrix of the mitochondria.

A

Citric Acid Cycle

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7
Q

A substance that carries an acetyl group into the citric acid cycle

A

Coenzyme A

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8
Q

Removes hydrogen from its substrate, important in the citric acid cycle.

A

Dehydrogenase Enzymes

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9
Q

Hydrogen carrier, important in the Citric Acid Cycle

A

NAD

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10
Q

Occurs when there is no oxygen present/ in anaerobic conditions

A

Fermentation

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11
Q

The first stage of cellular respiration, takes place in the cytoplasm

A

Glycolysis

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12
Q

Electrons that can yield energy as they are passed through an electron transport chain.

A

High Energy Electrons

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13
Q

A substance produced during a metabolic pathway, between the substrate and the end product

A

Intermediates

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14
Q

Produced in animal cells when oxygen is absent

A

Lactate

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15
Q

Substance that combines with the acetyl group in the citric acid cycle to form citrate

A

Oxaloacetate

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16
Q

Used to phosphorylate ADP

A

Inorganic Phosphate (Pi)

17
Q

The addition of a phosphate group to a substance

A

Phosphorylation

18
Q

The end product of glycolysis

19
Q

The substrate usually broken down during cellular respiration

20
Q

The enzyme which catalyses the regeneration of ATP from ADP + Pi

A

ATP Synthase

21
Q

The stage of glycolysis where there is a regeneration of 4 ATP molecules

A

Pay off Stage

22
Q

The stage of glycolysis where 2 ATP molecules are broken down to release energy

A

Energy Investment Stage

23
Q

The final products of respiration in the absence of oxygen in plant and yeast cells

A

Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide

24
Q

The final hydrogen acceptor in the electron transport chain

25
The final product formed when Hydrogen joins with the final acceptor in the electron transport chain.
Water
26
Site of glycolysis (glucose -> acetyl)
cytoplasm
27
Site of the Krebs Cycle
mitochondria