Unit 1 - KA3 - Control of Gene Expression

Question 1

A chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds

Answer 1

Polypeptide

Question 2

Bonds that join different parts of a polypeptide chain together to help create the three dimensional structure of the protein

Answer 2

Peptide

Question 3

The complete genetic information contained in a cell.

Answer 3

Genotype

Question 4

The 20 subunits that make up a polypeptide.

Answer 4

Amino acids

Question 5

The bond that joins two amino acids together.

Answer 5

Peptide

Question 6

The final overall shape that a protein takes based on how it is folded and how the polypeptide chains in it interact.

Answer 6

3 Dimensional

Question 7

The physical characteristics of an organism.

Answer 7

Phenotype

Question 8

-shaped proteins involved in the immune response which bind specifically to particular antigens.

Answer 8

Antibody

Question 9

Oxygen transporting protein contained in red blood cells.

Answer 9

Haemoglobin

Question 10

Protein molecules which catalyse specific chemical reactions.

Answer 10

Enzymes

Question 11

Proteins that form the shape of all organelles and cells in the body.

Answer 11

Structural

Question 12

Enzyme required for transcription

Answer 12

RNA polymerase

Question 13

First RNA transcript made before processing

Answer 13

Primary RNA transcript

Question 14

Section of RNA removed to create the mature RNA transcript.

Answer 14

Introns

Question 15

Triplet of bases on a tRNA molecule which determine the particular amino acid joined onto the extending polypeptide chain.

Answer 15

Anti-codon

Question 16

RNA–protein complex in two sub units which carry out translation.

Answer 16

Ribosome

Question 17

Fragments of RNA which join together to form the mature transcript.

Answer 17

Exons

Question 18

Procedure to remove introns from an RNA transcript leaving the mature transcript.

Answer 18

Splicing

Question 19

Triplets of bases on mRNA each of which codes for an amino acid.

Answer 19

Codon

Question 20

Final RNA molecule ready for translation.

Answer 20

Mature RNA transcript

Question 21

Type of RNA molecule that is joined to a specific amino acid.

Answer 21

tRNA

Question 22

Different orders of exons being joined together to make different proteins

Answer 22

Alternative mRNA splicing

Question 23

Codon that initiates translation from this point on.

Answer 23

Start codon

Question 24

Sugar molecule present on RNA

Answer 24

Ribose

Question 25

Type of base present in RNA rather than thymine in DNA.

Answer 25

Uracil

Question 26

Synthesis of the primary RNA molecule from a DNA template.

Answer 26

Transcription

Question 27

Codon that terminates translation at this point and does not code for an amino acid.

Answer 27

Stop codon

Question 28

Synthesis of a polypeptide chain from a mRNA.

Answer 28

Translation