Unit 1 - KA4 - Cellular Differentiation

Question 1

A process in which a cell develops more specialised functions.

Answer 1

Differentiation

Question 2

Produced when cells express the genes to produce proteins characteristic of that type of cell.

Answer 2

Specialised cells

Question 3

Regions of unspecialised cells in plants

Answer 3

Meristems

Question 4

Unspecialised cells in animals that can continue to divide and differentiate into specialised cells

Answer 4

Stem cells

Question 5

Cells that are found in very early mammals that can divide and differentiate into all types of cells

Answer 5

Embryonic stem cells

Question 6

These cells replenish differentiated cells that need to be replaced

Answer 6

Adult tissue stem cells

Question 7

The use of stem cells to repair damaged organs or tissues.

Answer 7

Therapeutic uses (cornea repair / skin grafts)

Question 8

A term used to describe stem cells that can differentiate in to any type of cell. (Embryonic Stem Cells)

Answer 8

Totipotent (or pluripotent)

Question 9

A term used to describe stem cells that can differentiate in to a number of different types of cell. (Adult or Tissue stem cells)

Answer 9

Multipotent

Question 10

Name for meristems at root tips and shoot tips

Answer 10

Apical meristems

Question 11

Name for meristems occuring in outer layer of plants (e.g. trees)

Answer 11

Lateral meristems