unit 2 KA2 - alcohols and carboxylic acids

Question 1

what is an alcohol

Answer 1

a molecule containing a hydroxyl functional group - -OH group

Question 2

is it true that straight-chain and branched alcohols can be systematically named, indicating the position of the hydroxyl group from structural formula containing no more than eight carbon atoms in their longest chain?

Answer 2

yehhh

Question 3

what is a primary alcohol

Answer 3

primary alcohols occur when the hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon with two other hydrogen atoms attached to it - basically meaning its attached to the end of the carbon chain

Question 4

what is a secondary alcohol

Answer 4

these occur when the hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon atom with one other hydrogen atom attached - basically meaning it is attached to a middle carbon in the chain

Question 5

what is a tertiary alcohol

Answer 5

these occur when the hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon that has a branch attached to it, such as a methyl group.

Question 6

what are diols

Answer 6

alcohols containing two hydroxyl groups

Question 7

what are triols

Answer 7

alcohols containing three hydroxyl groups

Question 8

what is a carboxylic acid

Answer 8

a molecule containing the carboxyl functional group, -COOH

Question 9

is it true that straight chain and branched carboxylic acids can be sytematically named from structural formula containing no more than eight carbons in the longest chain?

Answer 9

yeh

Question 10

what are the carboxylic acid reactions with bases

Answer 10

• metal oxide + acid -> a salt + water
• metal hydroxide + acid -> a salt and water
• metal carbonate + acid -> a salt and water and carbon dioxide

Question 11

what does the name of the salt produced from carboxylic acid + base reactions depend on

Answer 11

the acid and base used