Unit 2 (K1/2) - Hormonal Control of Puberty Flashcards
What hormones are present in the male reproductive system?
Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH), Testosterone, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).
Where is ICSH secreted?
Pituitary Gland
Where is FSH secreted?
Pituitary Gland
Where is testosterone secreted?
Interstitial cells - Testes
How is the pituitary gland stimulated?
By a releaser hormone in the hypothalamus.
Where in the testes is testosterone produced?
In the interstitial cells.
Where are sperm produced?
In the seminiferous tubules.
What does testosterone stimulate?
Sperm production and activates the prostrate gland and seminal vesicles.
Why is sperm production an example of negative feedback control?
High testosterone levels inhibit the production of ICSH and FSH by the pituitary gland. This leads to decreased production of testosterone.
What is the purpose of the seminal vesicles and prostrate gland?
Secrete fluids that maintain the mobility and viability of sperm.
What are the 2 stages of the menstrual cycle?
Follicular phase and luteal phase.
What does FSH stimulate in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?
The development of a follicle and production of oestrogen by the follicle.
What are the two things oestrogen stimulates?
- The proliferation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation.
- This also affects the consistency of cervical mucus to make it more easily penetrated by sperm.
What occurs when there is peak levels of oestrogen in the follicular phase?
This stimulates a surge in LH (luteinising hormone).
What occurs when there is a surge of LH in the follicular phase?
This triggers ovulation.
What is ovulation?
This is the release of an egg (ovum) from a follicle in the ovary.
What does the follicle develop into during the luteal phase?
Corpus luteum.
What hormone does the corpus luteum secrete?
Progesterone.
What occurs during the negative feedback effect of oestrogen and progesterone?
Leads to a decreased secretion of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland which prevents further follicles from developing.
What results due to a lack of LH in luteal phase?
Leads to the degeneration of corpus luteum with a subsequent drop in progesterone.
What results due to the drop in progesterone during luteal phase?
The endometrium degenerates and menstruation occurs.
What is the function of progesterone?
Promote further development and vascularisation of the endometrium.
Where is FSH secreted?
Pituitary Gland.
Where is oestrogen secreted?
Ovary.
Where is progesterone secreted?
Corpus luteum.
In the ovary, which structure surrounds the developing ovum and secretes hormones?
The follice.
Where does fertilisation of a mature ovum take place?
The oviduct.