Unit 2 Importance of Plants Flashcards
Plants have specialized structures with distinct functions enabling them to respond and adapt to their environment. Plant variety is critical to the survival and sustainability of ecosystems.
Which of the following is NOT a plant group?
a) Lycophytes
b) Gymnosperms
c) Angiosperms
d) Lythosperms
Lythosperms does not exist and is not a plant group. However, lycophytes (mosses and ferns) are a plant group, as well as gymnosperms (conifers) and angiosperms (flowering plants).
Which of the following is a function of a root?
a) Anchors plants
b) Stores carbohydrates
c) Absorbs nutrients
d) All of the above
D. Roots do a lot for a plant, including anchoring the plant, absorbing nutrients, absorbing water and stores carbohydrates and water.
In which of the following does photosynthesis occur…
a) Ground tissue
b) Cuticle
c) Guard cells
d) Vascular tissue
a) Ground tissue
Which of the following are examples of the structure of leaves on deciduous trees and how their able to survive throughout the winter?
a) Thick waxy cuticles, lower leaves are killed off in thick forested areas to preserve energy for higher leaves that still get enough sunlight to photosynthesize, compacted needle-like leaves to reduce surface area and contain moisture.
b) Thin waxy cuticle, seasonal leaf loss all in all environments to preserve energy, big flat leaves to increase surface area and ability to photosynthesize, seasonally change colour depending on breakdown of chlorophyll.
b) Thin waxy cuticle, seasonal leaf loss all in all environments to preserve energy, big flat leaves to increase surface area and ability to photosynthesize, seasonally change colour depending on breakdown of chlorophyll.
Which part of the leaf is responsible for most of the photosynthesis?
A) Epidermis
B) Veins
C) Spongy mesophyll
D) Palisade mesophyll
Correct Answer: D
What are some ways that plants can adapt to environmental changes? List two example of an environmental adaptation.
- Plants can adapt by changing their position and size
- Position example: if the sun is up for longer periods of time during the summer, sunflowers tend to move their position and instead face the opposite direction so that they do not get burned by the sun
- Size example : a leaf at the top of a tree could be smaller so that less damage is done to the plant from direct sunlight. The leaves on the bottom of the tree are larger in order to absorb as much light as they can from the shade.
What is the purpose of photosynthesis in plants?
a) To produce carbon dioxide for cellular respiration
b) To convert sunlight into chemical energy stored in glucose
c) To absorb energy for the plants metabolic processes
d) To eliminate waste products
Answer is B
What are the main functions of roots?:
(A) anchor the plant
(B) absorb nutrients
(C) absorb water
(D) storage of water and carbohydrates
(E) all of the above
(E) all of the above
What is the key feature of sexual reproduction in plants?
a) The creation of clones
b) The release of spores
c) The production of gamates
d) The production of seeds through pollination
Answer is D
What is the main role of the epidermis in a stem?
A) To transport water and nutrients
B) To perform photosynthesis
C) To protect the stem and reduce water loss
D) To produce new cells
Correct Answer: C
Woody stems have a vascular cambium that allows for new ______________________ to be produced every year.
(A) xylem and phloem
(B) xylem
(C) phloem
(D) Stolon
(A) xylem and phloem
Which of the following is not an example of the functions of leaves?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Storage
C) Absorption of water and nutrients
D) Gas exchange
C) Absorption of water and nutrients
Explanation: Leaves have many functions, but instead of absorption of water and nutrients, it is protected from predators. Roots are the part of the plant that absorb water and nutrients.
Which of the following statements is not true between differing monocot and eudicot stems.
A) Monocot stems have scattered vascular bundles and eudicot stems have vascular bundles that are arranged in a ring near the edge of the stem.
B) Monocot stems have basic roles as a stem like supporting the structure and moving water and nutrients, Eudicot stems help the leaves through the process of photosynthesis.
C) Monocot stems have no secondary growth, and eudicot stems have secondary growth.
D) Monocot stems are mostly thick from the start of growth, and eudicot stems grow out to be thick over a period of time.
B - Monocot stems have basic roles as a stem like supporting the structure and moving water and nutrients, Eudicot stems help the leaves through the process of photosynthesis.
Explanation: A similarity between monocot and eudicot stems is that they both have the same basic structure. They both support the rest of the plants and help move water and nutrients.
A To produce flowers
B) To help the plant grow taller
C) To make food for the plant
D) To absorb water and nutrients and anchor the plan
Correct Answer: D
Describe the function of xylem in plants.
Answer:
Xylem is a type of vascular tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.The primary function of xylem is to support the plant and conduct water and dissolved minerals.
What do root hairs do in the root system?
Root hairs are to help the plant grow out to absorb more nutrients. They increase the surface area of the root which allows the absorption of more water and nutrients from the soil. Root hairs take in water through osmosis delivering them to the rest of the plant.
Why are plants important for the earth?
Plants are important due to the fact that they provide oxygen for all living things to survive. They provide food for animals and humans as well as water which rests in the leaves and allows animals to drink. They are also used for shelter and make up habitats for animals. They take in carbon dioxide and help with soil erosion. They are also used for a lot of things humans use in their daily life such as paper.
Which of the following is not a way that roots help with erosion control.
A) Slowing water flow
B) Supporting the plants structure by anchoring it into the soil
C) Help with making the roots more sturdy to withstand anything
D) Vegetative cover, by providing a protective layer
C - Help with making the roots more sturdy to withstand anything
Explanation: During erosion, the roots have a lot of jobs to be able to help the plant withstand this problem. As erosion occurs, the roots do happen to get damaged causing them to become weak.
What is the main difference between dermal tissue, vascular tissue, and ground tissue? Provide the structure and function.
The structure and functions of these three tissues are very different to how they help out the plant. The Dermal Tissue is the outermost protective layer of the plant, it has thick walls and is covered by a waxy-cuticle. The function of Dermal Tissue is to protect the plant from injury, herbivores, diseases, and water loss. The Vascular tissue consists of two different tissues, phloem and xylem. The function of Vascular Tissue is to transport water and nutrients through the plant. The phloem transports sugars and other organic compounds and the xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. The Ground Tissue makes up the majority of the rest of the plant, between the vascular and dermal tissues. Dermal Tissue provides support, storage, and carries out photosynthesis in the plant.
How does the reproduction of plants contribute to the sustainability of ecosystems?
Reproduction of plants is really important when it comes to keeping an ecosystem sustainable. Having plants reproduce ensures that a plant species won’t become extinct and stay a healthy species. It also helps with biodiversity, by ensuring that the ecosystem has the right species incase of a big change like climate change. Having the plants reproduce also helps with the soil formation. The soil would become more structured and allow for more plants to grow within it. Overall, plant reproduction provides benefits to all species within the ecosystem, even other plants.
When looking at the kingdom plantae, how many major groups are plants split into? Further more, what are the types of plants in these groups?
The 3 major groups that plants are split into are angiosperms, lycophytes/pterdophytes, and gymnosperms. The angiosperms group contains flowering plants. The lycophytes/pterdophytes group includes mosses and ferns. The gymnosperms group includes conifers.
What tissues inside plants are used to protect against injury, herbivores, water loss and disease.
a) Dermal tissues
b) Vascular tissues
c) Ground tissues
d) Epithelial tissues
a) Dermal tissues