Unit 2-Homologous Series Flashcards
What is a hydrocarbon?
Hydrocarbon is a compound containing hydrogen and carbon only
State the prefixes for hydrocarbons with:
1 carbon
2 carbons
3 carbons
4 carbons
5 carbons
6 carbons
7 carbons
8 carbons
1 carbon = meth-
2 carbons = eth-
3 carbons = prop-
4 carbons = but-
5 carbons = pent-
6 carbons = hex-
7 carbons = hept-
8 carbons = oct-
What is a homologous series?
A homologous series is a family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.
What is the general formula for the alkanes?
C<span>n</span>H2n+2
What is the general formula for the alkenes?
CnH2n
What is the general formula of the cycloalkanes?
CnH2n
Why are alkanes described as saturated?
The carbon to carbon bonds in alkanes are all single bonds.
Why are alkenes described as unsaturated?
Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain at least one double or triple carbon to carbon bond.
What is the test for unsaturation?
The test for unsaturation is addition of a few drops of bromine water which will quickly be decolourised.
Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes because they have a carbon to carbon double bond.
What type of reaction occurs when reactants such as Hydrogen or Chlorine attacks and breaks the double bond?
Addition reaction
What is formed when an alkene undergoes an addition reaction with hydrogen?
Alkane
The molecules can be described as isomers.
Define isomers.
Isomers have the same molecular formula (same numbers of carbons and hydrogens) but different structural formulae
What is the name of this compound?
Pentane
What is the name of this compound?
Propene
Prop-1-ene
What is the name of this compound?
Cyclooctane
What is the name of this compound?
2-methylbutane
Which of the following molecules is an isomer of heptane?
B. 3-methylhexane
