Unit 2: Hazards & Control Measures Flashcards
What are the three main types of hazards found in a hazardous work environment?
Chemical, biological and physical hazards
Electromagnetic radiation with energy sufficient to cause the loss of an electron from the matter with which it interacts
ionizing radiation
What are some examples of ionizing radiation?
Alpha, beta, and neutron particles, gamma radiation, and x-rays
What are some examples of nonionizing radiation?
Ultraviolet, infrared, laser, and microwaves
What are the three groups of factors for determining the toxic levels of specific industrial hazards?
Factors affecting the agent, individual, and environment
What factors affect an agent’s toxicity?
Substance type, formulation, and volume or concentration
What are the three major routes of entry for hazardous substances?
ingestion, inhalation, absorption
Give some examples of individual differences that would affect the toxic reaction of a substance on a worker.
Age and weight
What two environmental factors can affect human responses to toxic materials?
Temperature and environmental chemicals
What are the symptoms of organophosphate poisoning?
Gastrointestinal discomfort, salivation, profuse sweating, and difficulty in breathing
How does HCN cause death?
By interfering with cellular respiration
An organ or organ system that is specifically affected by a toxic material
target organ
Toxic material that deprives the body’s cells of oxygen
asphyxiant
What are the four physical classes of toxic materials?
Gases and vapors, particulate matter, liquids, and solids
What are the five major types of aerosols?
Smoke, fog, mists, fumes, and dusts
To which specific group of hazards do chlorine, bromine, and fluorine belong?
Halogenated hydrocarbons
What types of bodily damage may creosote possibly cause?
Skin cancer; systemic effects involving the CNS and cardiovascular system, or renal and hepatic damage
What are some uses for potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide commonly found on AF bases?
Potassium hydroxide is an alkali-electrolyte for nickel cadmium batteries; sodium hydroxide is an alkali used in paint strippers and aircraft-cleaning compounds
Oxyacetylene, electric arc, heli-arc, plasma torch, and metalizer are forms of what operation that causes hazards in the workplace?
Welding
What are the two basic types of batteries used in AF workplaces?
Acid and caustic
What is the primary hazard during electroplating operations?
inhalation of metal fumes
What are the primary hazards associated with AGE?
Noise, exhaust emissions, production of carbons, and use of solvents that may cause dermatitis
Degreasing solvents, mercury, acids, ionizing radiation, epoxy and resins, noise, and soldering hazards
exposure hazards of a medical maintenance worker
Which control method is using citrus cleaners instead of trichlorethylene an example of?
Substitution
Rotating workers through a hazardous environment regulates hazardous exposures through which control method?
Administrative
What should be done to PPE to ensure protection for the worker?
Check to ensure it protects the worker against the specific hazard in the workplace
What are the types of respirators used to protect workers from gas, vapor, and particulate hazards?
Air purifying, air supplied, and SCBA respirators
A medical service program that ensures that all bases are striving to make working conditions safe and healthy for all employees
Air Force Occupational & Environmental Health Program
What is the chief goal of industrial hygiene surveillance?
The preservation and the improvement of the health of the work force
A detailed assessment of the operations performed, specific risks, available control measures, an evaluation of the effectiveness of those control measures. Consideration is also given at that time to the interrelationships of chemical, physical, biological, and biomechanical stresses that may exist in the industrial environment
comprehensive baseline study
Who may request a special survey from the BE section?
A health care practitioner, a supervisor, an employee, employee representative, or PH
What are the three phases of the general survey process followed for chemical agent exposure surveillance?
Recognition, evaluation, and control
What are the two types of evaluations used for physical agent exposure?
Mathematical predictions and actual measurements
A level of measurement which is half the OEEL established for each hazard
AL (action level)
