Unit 1: DDR Flashcards
What disease caused 60,000 casualties in 1942 during the war campaign in Guadalcanal?
Malaria
What two major diseases led to disbanding Merrill’s Marauders?
Malaria and dysentery
What were the causes for losing over 13,000 people during the invasion of Sicily before and after the attack?
Malaria and sand fly fever
What are some of the conditions that lead to OOTWs?
Peace building (post-conflict rebuilding of governments), peace enforcement (compel compliance with resolutions), peacekeeping (monitor and facilitate implementation of agreements) and humanitarian relief operations
What system is DOD-directed?
Joint Operation Planning and Execution System
When resources are planned to be sent to the theater of operations in a transportation-feasible flow, what is the collection of information called?
Time-Phased Force and Deployment Data
A classified document which provides commanders current policies, planning factors, and forces for conducting and supporting wartime operations
war & mobilization planning (WMP)
At what times should an MIO either recommend measures or report findings when a unit is scheduled for a deployment?
Before deployments, upon arrival at a deployment location, during the deployment, and following a deployment
What are UTCs?
Unit-type codes (e.g., deployable teams are the smaller elements that make up the larger medical echelons)
How can we effectively use the historical information from nuclear, biological, and chemical events?
To train our personnel on their duties in real-life situations and we must hold exercises to practice your skills and test your knowledge
The nuclear accident at Three Mile Island caused no immediate danger to radiation, but what concerns do experts have about the accident?
Long-term effects on people and the food chain
In 1995 it was revealed that Iraq had sophisticated biological warfare agents. What were they?
Botulinum toxin, anthrax, and aflatoxin
When was the first recorded use of chemical weapons?
423 BC during the Peloponnesian War
What accident occurred in Russia on 26 April 1986?
Chernobyl
What NBC agents were used by Iraq in 1986?
Chemical agents, specifically mustard and nerve
What causes most of the destruction during a nuclear weapon detonation?
Blast wave
Blast injuries are caused by which two blast components?
Blast wave and blast wind
What type of fires would be caused by a nuclear weapon detonation?
(1) Primary fires—ignited by the initial heat wave of the detonation.
(2) Secondary fires—caused indirectly by the blast (e.g., from overturned stoves, broken gas pipes, electrical short circuits)
Whole-body irradiation from fallout on the ground, beta particles on the skin, and internal damage from ingested or inhaled alpha and beta particles
biological hazards from “fallout”
What type of radiation presents the greatest inhalation hazard?
Alpha and beta particles
How much of an immediate radiological hazard would an air blast produce on the ground?
The air burst causes the least radiological hazard because most of the radioactive contamination is spread throughout the atmosphere, with less reaching the ground
How does a nuclear burst result in radioactive contamination?
The radioactive particles from the burst attach themselves to larger dust or rain falling to the ground where it may enter the food chain
What type of nuclear detonation occurs where the fireball contacts the ground?
Surface burst
Which type of burst is the most hazardous nuclear detonation?
Surface
Why is the use of biological warfare agents advantageous?
Only personnel are affected, so the enemy can move in and take over the facilities intact
How may biological agents be released into the environment?
From mortar and artillery shells, bombs, airplane spray, missiles, or by various methods of sabotage.
Additionally vectors may carry the infective organism
What are the characteristics of biological warfare agents?
Incubation period, difficult identification, and unlike other warfare agents
What chemical agent was developed from dye fixatives in the textile industry?
Pulmonary agents.
How do cyanogens affect the body?
Stop tissue respiration
In what type of weather are vesicants most effective?
Hot weather
What are the three examples of vesicants?
Mustards, lewisite, and phosgene oxime
What is probably the first effect you will notice in a person exposed to nerve agents?
Pinpoint pupils
What are the effects of incapacitating agents?
Temporary visual, mental, and physical disabilities; temporary mental aberrations; and physical aberrations
Any conventional weapon or devise that is capable of a high order of destruction or disruption and/or of being used in such a manner as to kill or injure large number of people
high-yield explosives
What are the two categories of high-yield explosives?
High-explosive and low-order explosive
What are some examples of high-explosives?
TNT, C–4, Semtex, nitroglycerin, dynamite, and ANFO
What are some examples of low-order explosives?
Pipe bombs, gunpowder, and most pure petroleum-based bombs such as Molotov cocktails or aircraft improvised as guided missiles
