Unit 2: Fighting Diseases (Medicine) Flashcards
It … mostly in tropical and subtropical parts of the world.
occurs
The place most intensely affected by malaria is Africa south of the Sahara Desert. About 60% of the world’s malaria cases and 80% of malaria deaths … there.
occur
The malaria cycle begins with tiny parasites that … in bodies of Anopbeles mosquitoes.
reside
When a female mosquito bites a human, the mosquito … blood.
draws off
These parasites quickly multiply inside the human and cause the … to feel sick.
individual
Becoming … with malaria is a medical emergency.
infected
The first … of malaria are fever, chills, sweating, … headache, and muscle pains. Nausea and vomiting often … these symptoms.
symptoms, accompany
Immediate … treatment must be a … for people who are infected.
medical, priority
If medical treatment is started soon enough, sick … can be cured.
individuals
If every infected person quickly took malaria medicine, most would be well in a few days. Mosquitoes could not get malaria from healthy …, so malaria would not … .
individuals, spread
Many people live in far-away villages without … to quick medical care.
access
The ability of quinine (the … medicine used against malaria) to kill parasite … over time.
primary, has declined
… could be sprayed in wet areas and around buildings to kill mosquitoes.
insecticide
It is very difficult, however, to … these plans.
implement
They cannot … to pay for medical care or to buy bed nets.
afford
The people may be unwilling to … with government efforts to help them.
cooperate
Their old beliefs about illness may … with modern attempts to cure or prevent malaria.
conflict
Health … do not have the money to build clinics or hire trained medical … .
ministries, practitioners
They do not have the money to buy insecticide and pay a … force to spray regularly.
labor
Helping African nations control malaria is now a top … of many … organizations.
priority, relief
A … of law is someone licensed to represent someone else in legal matters.
practitioner
A nurse-… is a nurse who has had extra training and can … some services of a doctor.
practitioner, perform
A … is a governmental department that … the administration of one area of responsibility.
ministry, oversee
A ministry is headed by a … . He or she is in charge of the … duties of the department. The head of a government is often called the … .
minister, ministerial, prime minister
The United States government,has departments headed by … . The head of the government is called the … .
secretaries, president
Another common use of the word … is for a church leader, usually in a Christian church. … is his or her profession. He or she … to the people in the church.
minister, The ministry, ministers
The … of health heads the health … .
Health/Finance/Labor/Agricultural/Transportation … .
Minister, ministry, ministry
A conflict (noun, pronounced CON-flict) is a … or a … in ideas or plans. It can be serious or not, depending on the context.
disagreement, difference
Two nations had an armed … that lasted five years.
conflict (n)
Ms.Ellis had a schedule … . she had two meetings at 9 a.m.
conflict (n)
A conflict (verb, pronounced con-FLICT) means “to happen at the same time” or “to be in disagreement.” The adjective form is … .
conflicting (adj)
Her staff meeting … with a sales meeting.
conflicts (adv)
Two professors had … ideas about history.
conflicting (adj)
Head lice, tiny insects that lay their eggs in the hair of humans, have been an/a … problem in primary schools for many years.
intense / serious (adj)
Young children share combs,hats, and other headgear, which … the chance that they may pick up head lice from a friend.
intensifies/ increases (v)
Parents are sometimes … embarrassed when the school informs them that their child has head lice, but it is not their fault.
intensely/extremely (V)
There is … conflict in some schools about whether children should be allowed to attend school when they have head lice.
intense/enormous (adj)
Getting rid of lice requires … work.
intensive/a lot of (adj)
The child’s hair must be washed with an/a … chemical rinse. The parent must then closely search for remaining lice egg and pick them out.
intense/strong (adj)
Hospitals give patients with minor injuries the lowest … .
priority
Europeans … overseas searches for sources of the tree bark. After many years,scientists identified the … in the tree bark that … malaria.
implemented, ingredient, cured
By the 1960s, however, quinine’s ability to kill the malaria parasite … because the parasite was becoming … to it.
had declined, resistant
Taxol was being used in … treatments for certain kinds of cancer.
intensive
… to these rainforest plants is rapidly disappearing. Logging companies are cutting down the rainforest trees and selling the wood.
Access
commercial developers are … hard to clear the land for houses,farms, towns and road.
laboring
Clearly, the … of the scientists … with the … of the business people.
priorities, conflict, priorities
Modern drug companies are sending scientists, … by local translators, to work … with these village healer.
accompanied, cooperatively
If company scientists find a useful cure in a plant they test, they will identify the chemicals in the plant. Then company can manufacture a medicine that is chemically … .
identical
After giving birth, the new mothers … in one of two large rooms while they recovered.
resided/lived
An infection inside their bodies often … childbirth many years ago.
accompanied/went along with
He reasoned that something in the dirt was causing the infection. He … for weeks to improve the first room. Cleanliness became a … ,
labored/worked hard, priority/matter of great importance
Doctors wearing bloody clothes could not have … to the patients.
access/contact with
Nurse … and doctors had to wash their hands with a strong chemical before examining patients. Soon, the death rate … .
practitioners/workers, declined/went down
The word … usually refers to something becoming weaker, slower, or not as good.
The verb … is also used to reject or refuse something. eg: … an invitation, or … to answer questions.
decline
Grandfather’s health is … .
declining (v)
His doctor noticed a … in his weight.
decline (n)
As a verb, … means “to get or use something.”
As a noun, the word usually … in the phrase “have … to” something which means “to be able to get or use something.”
In adjective form is often used in relation to people who lack certain abilities.
access, occurs, access
Doctors need to … patient information when they are treating an illness.
access (v)
I couldn’t … my email.
access (v)
patients need to … information about drugs they are taking.
have access to
These bathrooms are … to students in wheelchair./ These bathrooms are wheelchair … .
accessible (adj)
The verb … means “to start using a plan, system, etc.” The noun … means ‘‘“Tool.”
a writing … : pen
implement
How will you … the new plan to control malaria?
implement (v)
Will everyone … to clinics?
have access to
Will you build more … facilities?
medical
Do you plans for … spraying?
residential
Will you ask neighboring countries to … with your effort?.
cooperate
