Lesson 4: What your clothes say about you Flashcards
The jeans are … of an … of how these young people view themselves.
somewhat, index
I am modern and … . I am relaxed and confident . I am different from the traditional older generation.
stylish
Some people feel pressured into spending hundreds of dollar to … a single pair of designer jeans just to be in fashion.
acquire
An even more direct means … people make statements about themselves is … messages printed on T-shirts.
Whereby, via
They can convey allegiance to schools and sports teams, advertise places or products, make political statements, Serve as wearable travel souvenirs, and commemorate important occasions. These messages are seldom … .
ambiguous
A fitted jacket and matching trousers … a man’s suit, while a fitted jacket and matching skirt … a woman’s suit.
constitute, constitute
A collared shirt and necktie are … parts of the man’s outfit, while stocking and high-heeled shoes complete the woman’s. Often this attire is not what the person chooses to wear, but it is what a company requires its top level employees to wear.
integral
The business suit is so conventional that it is … to a uniform in other occupations.
analogous
A uniform identifies the occupation of many people. … personnel are easy to identify by their uniforms. The same is true for … emergency personnel like police officer and fire fighters.
Military, civil
In certain …, special clothing is worn to … not only the occupation of people, but also their authority. For example, when a court of law …, the judges’s robe is a clear indicator of her role and authority.
contexts,differentiate,convenes
wearing veils of different colors is the means … Amish women show if they are married or unmarried.
whereby
When gold miners complained that their pants tore easily, Strauss made them pants out of strong denim cloth. The men liked the pants, but the pockets kept tearing. This … a problem, but a tailor had an idea … the pockets could be made stronger with copper rivets.
constituted (made), Whereby (by which)
In the 1950s, young people began wearing jeans. They made a strong statement against … dress … their jeans, but jeans where considered improper by most people.
conventional (standard), via (by means of)
In the 1960s, jeans became … more acceptable, and in the … of the 1970s, they … fashion status.
somewhat (a little), context (setting), acquired (earned)
Today, jeans are an … part of nearly every young person’s wardrobe.
integral (necessary)
Somewhat has the same meaning as … or … .
sort of, a little bit
My sister is … of a fashion expert.
somewhat
His trousers were … wrinkled, and his shirt was torn.
somewhat
women pay too much attention to clothes.
I … agree/disagree
I … agree/disagree
strongly , somewhat
Via means … or … .
It can also mean … or … .
passing through, by way of a place
by means of, using
I will fly from here to Berlin .. Paris.
via
relatives who live far from each other can keep in touch … email.
via
people in a society can be divided into 3 sectors: military, religious, and civil.
members of the army, navy and air force constitute the … sector.
men and women who devote their lives to worship constitute the … sector.
ordinary citizens constitute the … sector.
military, religious, civil
to differentiate one thing from another means to create … between between them or to see … .
a difference, the difference
designers … between clothing for young women and older women.
differentiate (v)
It is hard to differentiate … jeans for men and jeans for women.
between
… between military ranks is shown by strips on uniform sleeves.
differentiation (n)
Athletic shoes are designed for sports such as running, tennis, handball and basketball. Manufacturers have … shoes for each sport, but all shoes are designed to minimize impact on the bottom of the feet.
differentiated
one main difference is the amount of cushioning. A shoe with little cushioning is suitable for walking, … it from a running shoe which requires more cushioning.
differentiating
Microprocessors in some running shoes … between hard and soft surfaces and automatically adjust how the shoe absorbs the impact.
differentiate
Something that is … is not clear in meaning, usually because there is more than one possible meaning. For example the newspaper headline “Hospital Begins Operations” is … . The … is caused by the word “Operations” which has more than one meaning. “Operations” can refer to either medical surgery or services.
The headline can be rewritten to clarify the meaning that the writer wants to convey. Two … headlines are: “Hospital Begins Surgery” or “Hospital Opens for service”
ambiguous, ambiguous, ambiguity, unambiguous
to … means ‘to meet or come together, usually for an official or formal meeting.” The noun form is … .
convene, convention
the parliament … each morning at 10 am.
convene
I will attend a medical … in Tokyo next month.
convention
… can also mean a tradition or a standard way of behaving.
convention
the western … is for a married woman to take her husband’s surname
convention
something … is traditional or standard while something … is unusual and often disapproved of.
conventional, unconventional
Teenagers often like to shock adults with … clothes.
unconventional
They should dress … when they apply for a job.
conventionally
Bride … wear white dresses.
conventionally
The … dress for students is jeans and a T-shirt.
conventional
Students like to … in the cafeteria.
convene
The … is for people to bow and then shake hands.
convention
… means “by which” or “because of which”. It is a formal way to connect two ideas. The first idea describes an action and the second part shows the result of the action.
whereby connects two full clauses.
whereby
Nancy went on a strict diet … she lost 35 pounds.
whereby
Teens wear T-shirts and jeans, … they differentiate themselves from older people.
whereby
Fashion editors create magazines, … people can see new styles.
whereby
One designer created all her clothes in black, … she built her reputation.
whereby
Early 20th century designers created looser styles, … woman could be more comfortable.
whereby
Surfers are wearing new wet suits, … they can stay in cold water longer.
whereby
It seems odd to us today that such an everyday object could have once been used to … rulers from ordinary people. Yet at that time, an umbrella was an … symbol of power.
differentiate, unambiguous
Similarly, contemporary cultures today … many common things, including clothing, as symbol of social status.
employ
In the civil courts of law in many countries, judges wear long robes, usually black, that cover their ordinary clothing. The robes identify the judges’s role in the courtroom and … their authority to administer justice.
symbolize
The gavel that judges rap to … court and maintain order is another such symbol of authority.
convene
In Britain and in most commonwealth nations, judges and certain court officials also wear white wigs that … their roles.
symbolize
the ceremonial clothing of European kings and queens is … of their royal authority. Nowadays they wear the long fur trimmed capes only on special occasions, with jeweled crowns on their heads and jeweled staffs, called scepters, held in their hands.
symbolic
The academic cap and gown is another example of … clothing. Hundreds of years ago, students at European universities were required to wear long, black robes. Today academic robes are worn only for graduation ceremonies along with a close-fitting black cap topped by a flat, black square. A tassel, which is a bundle of long silk strings tied together.
symbolic
