Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

G9 + 10 physics > unit 2 - energy > Flashcards

unit 2 - energy Flashcards

1
Q

things have energy if,

A

They have the ability to do work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Internal Energy

A

Total Kinetic and Potential energy of all molecules in a material. Microscopic and within a body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Thermal energy

A

Form of energy which is always in motion from a body at higher temp to a body at a lower temp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Heat energy converts to what when a body absorbs it

A

Internal energy and NOT HEAT ENERGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does thermal energy affect a particles KE and PE

A

Increase in speed (KE) and change in state of matter (PE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mechanical energy

A

Energy an object possess due to its motion or position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2 main types of mechanical energy

A

Kinetic and Potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Kinetic energy and what can it also be expressed as?

A

Energy which is possessed by moving objects
can also be expressed as Amount of work done

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Potential energy

A

Energy stored in am object due to change in position, shape or state of matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 main types of PE

A

Gravitational PE and Elastic PE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

2 types of energy sources

A

Primary and secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Primary source with eg

A

eg = thermal energy, chemical energy, nuclear energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

secondary source

A

Artificially manufactured and has to be created by humans, useful transformations of the primary sources into energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2 types of primary sources

A

Renewable and non renewable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

renewable energy source with eg

A

Easily replenished
Generated from natural sources
Less harmful to nature
Won’t run out
Little to no waste
Dependant on weather
Installation cost is super high, but maintenance is cheaper
Has a replenishment rate which humans do not follow

eg = solar energy, hydroelectric energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Non renewable energy sources

A

Cant be easily replenished
Harmful to the environment
Amount of energy generated is very high compared to renewable
Found in abundance
Construction of power plants is very easy

eg = Fossil Fuels, Nuclear Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Law of conservation of energy

A

energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can only be transformed from one form to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Whenever there is an energy transformation

A

There will always be energy degradation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Energy degradation

A

Useful energy is transformed into a useless form of energy. The total amount of energy remains the same, but it is just in different forms of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Example of energy degradation

A

Ball Bouncing, each time a ball bounces, it loses some of its kinetic energy is sound and heat and hence its height decreases w/ each bounce

Light bullb - Not all Electrical energy is converted into light, some is converted into sound, heat energy

21
Q

Gases which absorb IRR and are essential to existence

A

Carbon Dioxide
Methane
Water vapour
Nitrous oxide

22
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

Gasses which absorb IRR with higher wavelengths can’t retain them forever and eventually, they release them into the atmosphere. This increase global temp and causes global warming

23
Q

Advanced GH effect

A

Increased methane and carbon dioxide which traps more heat and increase global temp even more

24
Q

Temperature

A

Measure of the average random kinetic energy of particles in a system

25
Random KE
No fixed direction, speed or velocity of motion
26
Heat energy is proportional to
Mass and change in temp
27
Specific heat capacity
Amount of heat energy required to change the temp of 1kg of substance by 1 degree celsius
28
Melting point
Constant temp at which a solid completely transforms into the liquid state
29
Boiling Point
Constant temp at which a liquid completely transforms into the gaseous state
30
Latent Heat
Amount of heat energy required to convert 1kg of substance from one state to another
31
Latent heat of fusion
Amount of heat energy required to convert 1kg of solid to liquid state at a constant temp
32
Latent heat of vaporisation
Amount of heat energy required to convert 1 kg of liquid to gaseous state completely at a constant temp
33
Conduction
Heat transfer mechanism in which the particles vibrate vigoursly and collide with neighbouring particles. They do not get displaced and remain in their position Includes direct physical contact
34
Which substances is conduction used for with example
For solids eg - metal pot warming when placed over gas stove
35
Convection
Heat transfer mechanism in which the particles of a substance get displaced from their positions Based on density of fluids as they move away from heat source (expanding) but carrying the heat and kinetic energy with them into a cooler temperature changing the temp of the new area
36
Which substance is convection used for with example
Fluids (Gas + liquid) Eg - Hot air from heater warming your room and cold air from ac cooling your room
37
Radiation
Heat transfer mechanism which requires no medium for heat transfer. Heat is transferred in the form of electromagnetic waves
38
Example of radiation
Sun warming your skin on a sunny day
39
Radiation is emitted by ___ and consist mostly of what?
all objects above absolute 0 and consist mostly of infra red radiations
40
Consequences of Heat Transfer
Expansion/Contraction of materials when heated or cooled Heat transfer can cause substances to change phases such as melting, freezing or vaporisation Heat transfer can initiate or accelerate chemical reactions by providing the required activation energy
41
Why do building in some hot countries painited white?
Buildings make use of radiation and conduction to absorb sunlight. The concrete and bricks absorb the sunlight inwards and heat the interior and exteriors of the bulding causing it get warmer. Buildings in hot countries are usually painted white as white surfaces reflect more sunlight and abrob less heat compared to darker surfaces
42
Thermal expansion
The tendency of materials to expand or contract in response to changes in temperature
43
Application of thermal expansion
1. Engineering Structures - Thermal expansion is used in designing structures like bridges and railways to keep in mind its expansion during summer and prevent damage to the structure 2. Thermometer - These are programmed in such a way so that with an increase in temperature, the mercury inside goes up and lessens with a decrease in temperature
44
evaporation vs boiling
Evaporation can occur at any temperature, is a slow process and only occurs at the surface of the water boiling happens at a specific temperature, must faster process and occurs throughout the liquid
45
Evaporation
The process in which a liquid turns into a gas/vapor at the surface of the liquid. Happens below the boiling point of the liquid
46
Factors affecting rate of evaporation
Surface area of water Temperature of water Humidity
47
2 conditions for evaporation
1) Particle is present on the surface liquid 2) KE of particle should be sufficiently high to break its bonds
48
condensation
the process by which water vapour in the air is changed into liquid water. happens when warm, moist air comes into contact with a cooler surface

G9 + 10 physics (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions