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G9 + 10 physics > unit 1 - kinematics > Flashcards

unit 1 - kinematics Flashcards

1
Q

How do forces influence the motion of an object?

A

Forces cause changes in the state of motion, either by initiating movement, altering speed, or changing direction

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2
Q

Define Instantaneous speed

A

Distance travelled by a body in a very short interval of time

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3
Q

How does a distance-time graph depict an object’s speed

A

by the object’s slope

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4
Q

What is terminal Velocity/Speed

A

A constant velocity with which a body falls down under the influence of gravitational force and fluid resistance

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5
Q

If there is no applied force acting on a body, the frictional force will be

A

ZERO

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6
Q

Frictional force will continue to increase with increase in

A

applied force

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7
Q

What role does air resistance play in the motion of objects?

A

Air resistance prevents the motion of objects through the air, affecting their speed and trajectory.

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8
Q

Value of frictional force =

A

Value of applied force

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9
Q

What is normal reaction?

A

Force acting on a body when its present on top of a surface. Does not exist if the body is not present on a surface

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10
Q

What is gravitational force?

A

Gravitational force is the attraction between objects with mass, pulling them toward each other.

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11
Q

What is a restoring force?

A

Force developed within any material which is elastic in nature and that always acts to pull a body back toward equilibrium

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12
Q

What is mass equilibrium?

A

Point where spring force and gravitational force is the same

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13
Q

Hooke’s Law

A

Within the elastic limit, the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement of the body, from its equilibrium position.

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14
Q

What is tension

A

Force which is transmitted through a rope, chain, wire when pulled by forces acting on opposite sides

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15
Q

Hooke’s Law equation

A

F = -kx (F = restoring force, -k = Spring constant, x = Displacement from equilibrium position)

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16
Q

What is static friction?

A

Friction that acts on objects that are at rest. Increases with applied force and has a max possible vlaue

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17
Q

What is dynamic friction?

A

present between two objects which are in relative motion. this value is less than static friciton.

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18
Q

Why does firction exist?

A

Irregularities between the objects and surface. There is oging to be an interlock

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19
Q

dynamic friction is also known as

A

Kinetic friction

20
Q

Why does the statsic friction drop after reaching limiting friction when force is applied?

A

Because the objects starts moving and kinetic friction takes over

21
Q

What is the max possible value of static friction called?

A

Limiting Friction, when the applied force exceeds this value, the body starts to move.

22
Q

What is momentum. Unit and type of quantity

A

Product of Mass and Velocity, vector quantity, SI unit - kgms^-1

23
Q

What is the law of inertia or Newton’s first law

A

A body continues to remain in a state of rest or in a state of motion until & unless an external force acts on it

24
Q

What is Newton’s second law

A

The net force acting on a body is directly proportinal to the rate of change in momentum

25
Q

What is Newton’s third law

A

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction if action is on one body, the reaction will be on the other

26
Q

what is the law of conservation of momentum?

A

For an isolated system of objects, the momentum before collision is equal to the total after the collision

27
Q

What is a force

A

Described as a push and pull on an object interacting with another object

28
Q

Effect of force on an object

A
  1. Start or end motion
  2. Change an object’s shape/size
29
Q

Explain the concept of moments concerning levers.

A

levers depend on the force applied and the distance from the pivot point. direction of movement is based on the points from which the input and output forces are being exerted

30
Q

Define moments/torque in physics

A

The rotational turning effect caused by a force on a body on its axis on a pivot point

31
Q

What is a pivot

A

the point at which the lever is supported and around which it rotates

32
Q

To get the biggest moment possible, what 2 things could you do?

A
  1. Increase the distance from the pivot
  2. Increase force applied
33
Q

If the input & output force are on different sides of the pivot, then they will act in which direction?

A

different directions to each other

34
Q

If the input & output force are on the same sides of the pivot, then they will act in which direction

A

same direction to each other

35
Q

What is Impulse

A

Change in momentum

36
Q

Define the centre of mass and its significance in physics.

A

The centre of mass is the point where the mass of an object is concentrated, which helps predict the motion of the object

37
Q

How is pressure defined and calculated in a physics context?

A

pressure is the perpendicular force present per unit area

calculated by a ratio perpendicular force (F) over an area of cross-section (A)

38
Q

Pressure and area are what type of relationship

A

inversely related (pressure increases, area decreases)

39
Q

What is the relationship between work, power, and efficiency in physics?

A

Work is said to be done if a force displaces an object in the direction of the force applie,d
power measures the rate at which work is done,
efficiency measures how effectively work is performed by finding the useful energy output from the total energy input

40
Q

What is collisions

A

2 objects are said to collide with each other if there is a change in the state of motion of one object because of the other

41
Q

What is Inelastic collisions?

A

Kinetic energy is not conserved and is transformed into other forms of energy after the collision

42
Q

What is Buoyant force?

A

The net force acting on a body due to the difference between the upward and downward pressure

43
Q

What was the Archimedes principle?

A

The buoyant force applied by the fluid is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid

44
Q

What is density, what is the unit and what formula to calculate it

A

Amount of mass present per unit volume

P = Mass/Volume

Unit = kgms^-3

45
Q

Fluid resistance

A

Fluid resistance is the force that a fluid exerts on a moving object in the opposite direction to the movement. It’s also known as drag

G9 + 10 physics (6 decks)

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