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G9 + 10 physics > unit 1 - kinematics > Flashcards

unit 1 - kinematics Flashcards

1
Q

How do forces influence the motion of an object?

A

Forces cause changes in the state of motion, either by initiating movement, altering speed, or changing direction

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2
Q

Define Instantaneous speed

A

Distance travelled by a body in a very short interval of time

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3
Q

How does a distance-time graph depict an object’s speed

A

by the object’s slope

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4
Q

What is terminal Velocity/Speed

A

A constant velocity with which a body falls down under the influence of gravitational force and fluid resistance

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5
Q

If there is no applied force acting on a body, the frictional force will be

A

ZERO

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6
Q

Frictional force will continue to increase with increase in

A

applied force

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7
Q

What role does air resistance play in the motion of objects?

A

Air resistance prevents the motion of objects through the air, affecting their speed and trajectory.

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8
Q

Value of frictional force =

A

Value of applied force

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9
Q

What is normal reaction?

A

Force acting on a body when its present on top of a surface. Does not exist if the body is not present on a surface

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10
Q

What is gravitational force?

A

Gravitational force is the attraction between objects with mass, pulling them toward each other.

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11
Q

What is a restoring force?

A

Force developed within any material which is elastic in nature and that always acts to pull a body back toward equilibrium

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12
Q

What is mass equilibrium?

A

Point where spring force and gravitational force is the same

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13
Q

Hooke’s Law

A

Within the elastic limit, the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement of the body, from its equilibrium position.

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14
Q

What is tension

A

Force which is transmitted through a rope, chain, wire when pulled by forces acting on opposite sides

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15
Q

Hooke’s Law equation

A

F = -kx (F = restoring force, -k = Spring constant, x = Displacement from equilibrium position)

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16
Q

What is static friction?

A

Friction that acts on objects that are at rest. Increases with applied force and has a max possible vlaue

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17
Q

What is dynamic friction?

A

present between two objects which are in relative motion. this value is less than static friciton.

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18
Q

Why does firction exist?

A

Irregularities between the objects and surface. There is oging to be an interlock

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19
Q

dynamic friction is also known as

A

Kinetic friction

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20
Q

Why does the statsic friction drop after reaching limiting friction when force is applied?

A

Because the objects starts moving and kinetic friction takes over

21
Q

What is the max possible value of static friction called?

A

Limiting Friction, when the applied force exceeds this value, the body starts to move.

22
Q

What is momentum. Unit and type of quantity

A

Product of Mass and Velocity,
vector quantity,
SI unit - kgms^-1

23
Q

What is the law of inertia or Newton’s first law

A

A body continues to remain in a state of rest or in a state of motion until & unless an external force acts on it

24
Q

What is Newton’s second law

A

The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the force applied and indirectly proportional to its mass

25
What is Newton's third law
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction if action is on one body, the reaction will be on the other
26
what is the law of conservation of momentum?
For an isolated system of objects, the momentum before collision is equal to the total after the collision
27
What is a force
Described as a push and pull on an object interacting with another object
28
Effect of force on an object
1. Start or end motion 2. Change an object's shape/size
29
What happens when an object is balanced in terms of moments
The Anticlockwise moment is equalt o the clockwise moment arounda a common pivot
30
Define moments/torque in physics
The rotational turning effect caused by a force on a body on its axis on a pivot point
31
What is a pivot
the point at which the lever is supported and around which it rotates
32
To get the biggest moment possible, what 2 things could you do?
1. Increase the distance from the pivot 2. Increase force applied
33
If the input & output force are on different sides of the pivot, then they will act in which direction?
different directions to each other
34
If the input & output force are on the same sides of the pivot, then they will act in which direction
same direction to each other
35
What is Impulse
Change in momentum
36
How is pressure defined and calculated in a physics context?
pressure is the perpendicular force present per unit area calculated by a ratio perpendicular force (F) over an area of cross-section (A) P = F/A
37
Pressure and area are what type of relationship
inversely related (pressure increases, area decreases)
38
What is collisions
2 objects are said to collide with each other if there is a change in the state of motion of one object because of the other
39
What is Inelastic collisions?
Kinetic energy is not conserved and is transformed into other forms of energy after the collision. Both objects move in same direction
40
What is density, what is the unit and what formula to calculate it
Amount of mass present per unit volume P = Mass/Volume Unit = kgms^-3
41
Work definition and formula
Work is said to be done is a force displaces an object in the direction of the force applied. W = Force * displacement W = Force * displacement * cos θ
42
Power defination and formula
Rate at which work is done P = Work done/time P = (Force * displacement)/time P = force * velocity
43
Equation of best fit line formula for desmos
y1 ~ mx1 + b
44
Weight
force exerted on an object due to its gravity Mass can never change, but weight can change W = mg
45
Escape velocity
Minimum velocity required to escape a planet's gravitational field
46
Spring constant
its a measure of how stiff or rigid a spring is. It tells us how much force is needed to stretch or compress a spring by a certain distance. A higher value would mean a more sitffer string and a lower value would mean a loose string
47
Work-energy theorem
Work done can be represented as change in KE
48
When is fluid resistance equal to weight of a body and why
Fluid resistance equals to the weight of the body when the he object reaches terminal velocity. This is because at terminal velocity the acceleration of the body must be 0 (body falls with constant speed) hence the net difference between the forces must be 0. Hence fluid resistance equals to weight of body

G9 + 10 physics (8 decks)

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