Unit 2 Chemistry CB Flashcards
Atoms
The basic particles of the chemical elements. Smallest particle of an element.
Molecules
Made up of 2 atoms of the same element.
Substances
A pure form of matter. 2 different types of substances are elements and compounds.
Homogeneous mixtures
A gas,liquid or solid mixture that has the same proportions of its components throughout a given example.
Heterogeneous mixtures
A non-same mixture that you can see individual items or particles.
Chemical properties
Something that becomes evident after a chemical reaction.
Physical properties
Any physical properties that can be measured.
Isotopes
A distinct nuclear species of the same chemical element.
Elements
A chemical element that cannot be broken down by other substances.
Compounds
A substance made from 2 or more conjoined elements.
Reactants
A substance that undergoes a change during a reaction.
Products
A substance that is visible and present at the end of a chemical reaction.
Hydrogen bonds
When hydrogen atoms covalently bond into nitrogen ,oxygen or fluorine.
Covalent bonds
Mutual sharing of one or two electrons between 2 atoms.
Cation
Atom or molecule that is positively charged.
Ionic bonds
When atoms transfer electrons to each other.
Anion
Atom or molecule that is negatively charged.
Periodic table - groups
A column in the periodic table with chemical elements.
Periodic table rows
Horizontal rows instead of columns that go vertical,also called periods.
Valence electrons
Electron that ‘lives’ in the last electron shell of an atom.
pH scale
Measures how acidic an object is.
Acids
any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donation proton to another substance.
Bases
Substance that can neutralize acids by reacting with hydrogen ions.
