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HAZMAT > Unit 2 Chemistry > Flashcards

Unit 2 Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Gas

A

Any Material that has no definitive volume or shape. Gases have a boiling point of less than 68

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2
Q

Liquid compresses gas

A

Gas packaged under pressure is partially liquid at temperatures above 58 degrees

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3
Q

Boiling Point

A

the temperature at which the liquid changes into a gas or vapor at is max rate

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4
Q

Vapor Pressure

A

the pressure the vapor of a liquid exerts on its container when the vapor and liquid are in equalilibrium

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5
Q

Materials with a high vapor pressure will have a ______ boiling point

A

Low

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6
Q

Materials with low vapor pressure will have ____ boiling point

A

High

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7
Q

Atomic Structure

A

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

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8
Q

Protons

A

particles found in the center of the atom having a positive charge

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9
Q

Neutrons

A

Particles found in nucleus, have no charge

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10
Q

Electrons

A

Particles found in the space surrounding the nucleus, have a negative charge.

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11
Q

Steps for Developing a Chemical Hazard profile

A

Identify hazard class
Evaluate the potential energy and chemical reactivity
Determine physical state based on boiling and melting point
Evaluate fire hazard
Evaluate health hazard

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12
Q

How to identify if a chemical has potential energy release

A

Hazard class 1
Reactive w/other chemicals( hazard class 4,5,8)
Polymerization ( Hazard class 2,3)
Chemically unstable
Radioactivity class 7

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13
Q

Flash Point

A

Min temperature to which a material must be raised to allow for combustion in presence of ignition source

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14
Q

Fire point

A

Sustained combustion

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15
Q

Flammable range

A

percentage of vapor in air in which ignition will occur.

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16
Q

Ignition temperature

A

Min temperature a material must be heated to in order to imitate self sustained combustion

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17
Q

Vapor Dispersion

A

Certain materials can be dispersed or moved using water spray, fans, blowers, or compressed air

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18
Q

Vapor Suppression

A

Foam can be used to suppress vapors and other flammable materials

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19
Q

PPE Selection Factors

A

Person
Mission
Environment

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20
Q

NFPA 1994

A

Standard on Protective Ensembles for First Responders to CBRN Terrorism Incidents

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21
Q

Permeation

A

Process by which a chemical moves through protective clothing on a molecular level

22
Q

Breakthrough time

A

time elapsed for initial contact on the outside of PPE to first detection of chemical on inside surface

23
Q

Permeation rate

A

amount of a chemical which passes through a given area of clothing per unit of time

24
Q

Factors that influence permeation

A

Temperature
Thickness of protective material
concentration of Chemical
Multi-component liquids

25
Penetration
flow of a chemical through closures, seams, pinholes or other imperfections in PPE
26
Potential areas of penetration
seams exhalation valves hand and foot joints face shield assemblies
27
Degradation
The actual destruction of material
28
Signs on degradation
discoloration stiffness bubbling tackiness cracking/crazing
29
Types of heat injuries
heat rash heat cramps heat exhaustion
30
Heat rash
may result from continuous exposure to heat or humid air
31
heat cramps
caused by heavy sweating, muscle spasms and pain in hands feet and abdomen
32
heat exhaustion
pale cool moist skin heavy sweating dizziness nausea fainting
33
Heat stroke
temperature regulation fails and the body temp rises to critical levels
34
Ionic Bond
combines metal elements with non metal
35
Roentgen (R)
A measure of the ionization of molecules in cubic centimeter of air
36
Rad (Radiation Absorbed Does)
The basic unit of absorbed dose of ionizing radiation
37
Covalent bonding
combines two non metal elements
38
Saturated HydroCarbons
2x as many hydrogen atoms as they do carbon atoms
39
Unsaturated HydroCarbons
alkenes and alkenyne
40
alkene
carbons that attach with a double covalent bond
41
alkeyne
attach w/a triple covalent bond
42
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
smell good, lowest amount of hydrocarbo
43
Halogenated Hydrocabon
hydrogen is replaced w/halogen atom
44
TRACEM
Thermal Radiation Asphyxiation Chemical Etiological Mechanical
45
organic acid
contains carbon
46
contact hazards
chemical burns thermal burns frostbite
47
TWA
time weighted average 40 hours per week
48
STEL
Short term exposure limit 15 min period continuously
49
C
Ceiling
50
LD50
lethal dose for 50% of test population
51
LC50
lethal concentration kill 50% in a specific time period
52

HAZMAT (13 decks)

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