Unit 2 chapter 5

Question 1

Three stages to a nervous response:-

Answer 1

1. Stimuli- a change in the environment
2. receptors-groups of cells that detect stimuli
3. effectors-cause a response (muscles,glands)

Question 2

Stimulus

Answer 2

A change in the environment

Question 3

Receptors

Answer 3

Groups of cells that detect stimuli

Question 4

Effectors

Answer 4

Cause a response (muscles,glands)

Question 5

Receptor cells

Answer 5

Change stimuli into electrical impulses

Travel along nerves to the CNS (central nervous system) made up of brain and spinal cord

Question 6

Where are receptor cells found?

Answer 6

In sense organs

Question 7

Nerves

Answer 7

Carry electrical impulses around your body so it can react to changes in the environment

Question 8

Sensory neurones

Answer 8

Carry electrical impulses from CNS to effectors

0.7 of a second

Question 9

Relay neurons

Answer 9

Found in CNS,carry electrical impulses from sensory neuron to motor neuron

Question 10

Motor neurons

Answer 10

Carry electrical impulses from CNS to effectors

Question 11

Reflex

Answer 11

Automatic reactions that occur without thinking about them

Question 12

What waves does sound travel as?

Answer 12

Longitudinal waves

Question 13

What sounds can humans hear? (Hertz)

Answer 13

Between 20 hertz-20,000

Question 14

With longitudinal waves,do particals vibrate parallel to the way energy travels?

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

Why can’t sound travel through space?

Answer 15

Sound waves cannot travel in a vacuum

Question 16

What are hormones?

Answer 16

Chemical messengers that travel around your body in the blood secreted by glands.

Question 17

What do hormones control?

Answer 17

Body processes that need constant adjustment to maintain a constant internal environment

Question 18

What is homeostasis?

Answer 18

The maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 19

How does your body control its internal environment?

Answer 19

Using negative feedback

Question 20

Where are hormones produced?

Answer 20

In glands.

Question 21

What is controlled by homeostasis?

Answer 21

Body temperature,body water

Question 22

How is type 1 diabetes controlled?

Answer 22

By objecting insulin,maintaining a healthy diet and ensuring regular physical activity

Question 23

How is type 2 diabetes controlled?

Answer 23

Diet and exercise,avoiding eating league quantities of carbohydrate-rich foods,exercise after eating
Insulin also injected when this is not enough

Question 24

What part of your brain monitors body temperature?

Answer 24

The thermoregular centre

Question 25

What happens if your body temperature is too low or high?

Answer 25

It causes changes in skin returning body temperatures to normal

Question 26

How does sweat cool down your body?

Answer 26

Water in sweat evaporates

Question 27

What is dilation?

Answer 27

Widening of blood vessels

Question 28

What is constriction?

Answer 28

Narrowing of blood vessels

Question 29

What do chemical reactions control?

Answer 29

Everything that happens in your body

Question 30

What do acids and bases cause damage to?

Answer 30

Skin,teeth,internal organs

Question 31

What are the chemical reactions that body cells carry out controlled by?

Answer 31

Enzymes