C4.1 Flashcards

1
Q

Dobereiner 1829

A

Triplets or triads of elements seemed to exist,with similar properties

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2
Q

Newlands-1866

A

Proposes patterns between elements

He used an ‘octave’ pattern,which showed every eighth element to be similar

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3
Q

Mendeleev 1871

A

Published his version of the periodic table
This made predictions about the properties and mass of yet discovered elements. He left gaps in his table to be filled when they were found

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4
Q

Mendeleev’s rules

A

1) out elements in order of their relative atomic mass

2) put elements that are chemically similar in the same group (column)

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5
Q

2 elements Mendeleev predicted to exist

A

Gallium - 1875

Germanium- 1886

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6
Q

Chlorine(g) - room temp

A

Pale green

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7
Q

Bromine(l) - room temp

A

Dark brown

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8
Q

Iodine (s) - room temp

A

Dark grey solid

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9
Q

Bromine when a gas

A

Dark brown

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10
Q

Iodine when heated

A

Purple has

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11
Q

Alkali metals react with water to form what?

A

Hydrogen and an alkaline solution of a hydroxide with the formula MOH

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12
Q

Alkali metals react vigorously with what? To form what?

A

With chlorine to form colourless,crystalline salts with the formula MCl

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13
Q

Atoms of each element have different what?

A

Proton numbers

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14
Q

What does arranging the elements in order of their proton number give?

A

Repeating patterns in the properties of elements

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15
Q

As you go down the group the melting and boiling point get….
The density is …..
(Group 1)

A

Lower as you go down the group

Density = low

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16
Q

Lithium when reacts with water

A

Fizzes slowly,water turns purple

17
Q

Sodium when reacts with water

A

Fizzes faster,water turns purple

18
Q

Potassium when reacts with water

A

Fizzes a lot,water turns purple

19
Q

As you go down the group… reactivity of alkali metals?

A

Become more reactive

20
Q

What are alkali metals stored in?

21
Q

Handling alkalis

A

Forceps not hands (sweat-scar-rage)
Kept away from large amounts of water
Goggles

22
Q

Chlorine (g) at room temp

A

Pale green

23
Q

Bromine (l) at room temp

A

Dark brown

24
Q

Bromine (l) when a gas

A

Dark brown

25
Iodine (s) at room temp
Dark grey solid
26
Iodine (s) when a gas
Purple
27
Halogens consist of what?
Diatomic molecules
28
Halogens- melt and boiling point
High
29
As you descend the group,the group 7 elements become...(reactive)
Less reactive
30
Halogens-reaction with potassium chloride solution
No reaction
31
Chlorine water- reaction with potassium bromide solution
Yellow/orange colour of bromide appears
32
Bromine reaction with potassium bromide
No reaction
33
Iodine reaction with potassium bromide
No reaction
34
Chlorine water reaction with potassium iodide solution
Brown colour of iodine appears
35
Bromine water reaction with potassium iodide solution
Colour darkens from yellow/orange to brown
36
Iodine solution reaction with potassium iodine solution
No reaction
37
Fine cupboard-storing halogens
Any fumes released into air are sucked up into this and then are filtered to remove harmful chemicals Let out= air Keeps scientists safe