B4.1 Flashcards
What does the basic processes of life carried out by all living things depend on?
Chemical reactions within cells that require energy released by respiration
The role of Photosynthesis in making food molecules in plant cells and some micro organisms
Plants and some micro organisms (photoplankton) at the start of food chains capture light energy by photosynthesis,making food molecules
Energy is then transferred through food chains
Describe Photosynthesis
A series of chemical reactions that use energy from sunlight to build large food molecules in plant cells and some microorganism as
Describe respiration
A series of chemical reactions that release energy by breaking down large food molecules in all living cells
What are enzymes?
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
Cells make enzymes according to what?
The instructions carried in genes
Molecules have to be the correct shape to fit into _______…which part of the enzyme? (lock and key model)
Active site
What do enzymes need to work at their optimum? (2)
- A specific constant temperature
* specific PH
What happens if the temperature is too high? (Above 40)
Undressed temp causes the enzyme to denature.
The substrate no longer fits into the active site so the rate of reaction decreases
What is enzyme activity at different temperatures a balance between?
(2 points)
- increased rates of reaction as the temp increases
* changes to the active site at higher temperatures,including denaturing
Effect on pH on enzyme activity in terms of changes to the shape of the active site
Can make/break intra- and intermolecular bonds in the enzyme,so changes to the active site affecting the rate of reaction
Respiration word equation
Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water
