Unit 2 CH 19&24

Question 1

prevention of emergencies

Answer 1

screening for cardio risk factors, signs, symptoms and fall risk
appropriate exercise testing protocol
education
supervision and monitoring

Question 2

clinical exercise testing and labs

Answer 2

testing should be supervised

minimal competencies for physicians who supervise and interpret exercise tests

Question 3

emergency equipment at clinical exercise facility

Answer 3

crash cart
oxygen
defibrilator
established emergency plan with regular practice

Question 4

should clinical settings should have standing orders to manage potentially life-threatening emergenices

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

potentially life threatening emergencies

Answer 5

hypotension
hypoglycemia
bronchospasm
arrhythmia
angina
transiet ischemic attach
cardiac arrest

Question 6

how many americans have out of hospital cardiac arrest a year

Answer 6

300,000

Question 7

CPR sequence

Answer 7

chest compressions
airway
breathing

Question 8

implantable cardioverter defibrillator

Answer 8

surgically implanted underskin

Question 9

where should maximal HR be for ICD

Answer 9

10-15 beats below ICD threshold

Question 10

diagnosis of cardiovascular disease

Answer 10

medical history
physical exam
tests

Question 11

can an exercise physiologist provide insight and educate patients about diagnostic procedures

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

most common sign of heart disease

Answer 12

angina

Question 13

history and PE

Answer 13

complete history and physical
risk factors
lab tests
BP, BW, BMI
resting ECG

Question 14

goals of CV testing

Answer 14

coronary artery disease

evaluation of chest discomfort

Question 15

chest discomfort

low risk

Answer 15

treatment for modification of risk factors

Question 16

chest discomfort

intermediate risk

Answer 16

graded exercise test

Question 17

chest discomfort

high risk

Answer 17

exercise testing or cardiac catherization

Question 18

is there a strong relationship between CV and all-cause mortality and work capacity

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

sensitivity

Answer 19

uncovers abnormality

Question 20

specificity

Answer 20

normal or negative test

Question 21

when to use graded exercise test and ECG

Answer 21

pretest likelihood that the patient has CAD
can patient adequately exercise to symptom limited maximum
will ECG be interpret-able at peak exercise for possible ischemia

Question 22

4 major applications for cardiovascular testing

Answer 22

screening
diagnosis
prognosis
management

Question 23

ECG

Answer 23

high frequency sound waves that bounce off cardiac structure and return to the transducer providing info regarding internal structures

Question 24

myocardial perfusion imaging

Answer 24

radioactive isotope injected at rest and peak exercise is proportionally distributed within the myocardium in relation to regional myocardial blood flow and muscle viability

Question 25

PET

Answer 25

one of most accurate methods for noninvasively identifying and assessing the severity of CAD

Question 26

cardiac MRI

Answer 26

primarily used to evaluate patient for structural heart disease

Question 27

CTA

Answer 27

generates a calcium score, evaluation of the degree of coronary calcium

Question 28

coronary angiography

Answer 28

cardiac catherization technique considered gold standard

Question 29

intraventricular ultrasound

Answer 29

coronary angiography visualizes the coronary lumen and may underestimate the size of plaque in a remodeled artery