Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemisty/Biology > Unit 2 cells and control > Flashcards

Unit 2 cells and control Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Have a nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Prokaryotic

A

No nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cell wall

A

Plant cells

Supports cell and keeps it rigid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Large vacuole

A

Plant cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Plant cells

Where photosynthesis happens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ribosomes

A

Synthesise proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mitochrondia

A

Respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cell membrane

A

Holds cell together

Controls what comes in and out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Chemical reactions happen here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains genetic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Flagella

A

Bacteria cells

Used to make the cell move like a tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chromosomal DNA

A

One long circular chromosome

Bacteria cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Plasmid DNA

A

Small loops of extra dna

Bacteria cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Haploid

A

Egg cells and sperm cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ciliates épithélial cells are for

A

Moving materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are stem cells?

A

Embryonic stem cells can become almost any cell type in the body, they are pluripotent. Can only be found in the embryo stage of development

17
Q

What are Adult stem cells?

A

Only found in certain places in the body within differentiated tissues like bone marrow. They can not become a limited range of cell types , they are multipotent

18
Q

What are benefits of using embryonic stem cells?

A

Easy to remove from the embryo, pluripotent and could treat a vast number of diseases, could be cloned from patients own cells in order to avoid rejection

19
Q

What are drawbacks to using embryonic stem cells?

A

Ethical issues with destroying embryos, some people believe it is murder. Could also lead to illegal cloning of humans

20
Q

What are risks of using embryonic stem cells?

A

Risk of rejection if the stem cells are from another person

21
Q

What are benefits of using adult stem cells?

A

No ethical issues, if taken from the person who is being treated then there won’t be any rejection

22
Q

What are drawbacks of using adult stem cells?

A

Multipotent and only treat a limited range of diseases, difficult to identify and remove from tissues in the body

23
Q

What are risks of using adult stem cells?

A

May be rejected if used from a different person

24
Q

What two organs make up the central nervous system?

A

The brain and spinal cord

25
Q

What are changes in the external or internal environment known as?

A

Stimuli (plural)

Stimulus (singular)

26
Q

What are the three different types of neurones called?

A

Sensory, relay, and motor

27
Q

What is the purpose of the reflex arc ?

A

To make the response quicker and to protect the body from danger

28
Q

What is the gap between two neurones called?

A

A synapse

29
Q

How does the nervous response work?

A

The body detects a stimulus, this is detected by a receptor, this sends an impulse along the sensory response to the CNS. The impulse then travels to the motor neurone which passes it to the effector which brings about a response

30
Q

How does the reflex arc work?

A

The body detects a stimulus, this is detected by a receptor. This sends an impulse along the sensory neurone, across the synapse to the relay neurone, which passes it to the effector which brings about a response

31
Q

What is the Acronym to remember the reflex arc?

A 
Squishy, 
Rolos,
Squishy,
Squishy,
Rolos,
Squishy,
Men,
Eat,
Rolos
32
Q

What is the acronym to remember the nervous response?

A 
Super 
Reliable
Slut
Clarissa
Makes
Everyone
Run
33
Q

What is a synapse ? And what does it convert?

A

A synapse is a gap between neurones.
It converts electrical energy from the impulse in the neurone to chemical energy in the synapse. They also stop the impulse going the wrong way through the reflex arc

34
Q

What are neurotransmitters ? (In synapses)

A

They are chemicals that diffuse along the synapse, they are detected by the next neurone and then a new electrical impulse is made .

35
Q

What is a neurone ?

A

Spécialisée cells that transmits electrical nerve impulses

36
Q

What is an allele ?

A

A different version of the same gene

37
Q

What is a genotype

A

The description of someone’s genes eg BB Bb or bb

38
Q

What is a phenotype ?

A

A physical description of someone due to their genotype. They will have blue eyes etc

Chemisty/Biology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions