DNA and genes Flashcards
Questions 1
What part does Larus refer to in larus argentatus
Genus
Suggest how the sizes and shapes of their beaks enables all these species of finch to survive
Bc the different sizes and shapes of beaks allows them to eat their diets influenced by the places they live, also results to less competition between species as the birds could stick to their specific diets
Suggest how these species could have evolved
Through natural selection the birds with the beak most suitable for their environment and food survived, therefore they bred so that more birds could share their advantageous genes.
Suggest why the dodo may have become extinct
The dodo may have died out as settlers may have hunted them or brought animals that would eat them, because the dodo previously had no need to be able to fly for they had no natural predators, they couldn’t evolve quick enough to evade their new predators and so they died out
When a cell divides by mitosis is produces
Two cells that are genetically identical (b)
Describe the stages a scientist would complete to obtain glowing genes
Find a bioluminescent animal like a jelly fish and search and extract the specific gene that makes them glow
Describe the stages used to genetically modify bacteria to produce human insulin
First use restriction enzymes to remove the insulin gene from a healthy human cell,
Cut open a plasmid removed from a bacterium
This creates sticky ends
Use DNA ligase to stick the gene into the plasmid using complementary base pairings
Put plasmid back into bacterium
Put bacteria into fermentation tube for it to multiply so you can harvest the insulin
Suggest how genetic engineering can be used to create plants resistant to this herbicide
Scientists can use a ligase enzyme to take the gene from the dna of bacteria that makes them resistant to the herbicide and implant it into the plant dna to make herbicide resistant plants
Suggest why the cranium of AA is smaller than HE
It had not evolved to have a bigger brain yet so it’s cranium did not need to be as large
Suggest two ways stone tools were used
Sharp stone tools may have been used to skin and hunt animals while larger versions of this tool may have been useful for chopping wood
Describe the methods scientists used to identify the skull
They could look at the bone structure to see if it matched, they could also take a look at how far underground it was found to determined when it died and see if that aligns with the times that homo erectus has been alive for
