Chemistry - Fuels Flashcards
What are hydrocarbons?
Compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only
What is crude oil?
A complex mix of hydrocarbons. Contain molecules of which carbon atoms are in chains.
An important source because it can be separated into different important substances
A finite resource, when we run out there will be no more less
How is crude oil separated?
Fractional distillation
Why is fractional distillation used to separate crude oil?
Because each substance on crude oil has a different boiling point
What is the Mnemonic for remembering the different fractions of crude oil?
Glamorous - gas People -petrol Keep- kerosene Dogs- diesel For - fuel oil Babies - bitumen
What are gases used for ?
Used in domestic heating and cooking
What is petrol used for?
Used as fuel in cars
What is kerosene used for?
Used as fuel for aircrafts
What is diesel oil used for ?
Used as a fuel for large some cars and trains
What is fuel oil used for ?
Fuel for large ships
What is bitumen used for ?
Used to surface roads
What are characteristics of small molecules?
Low boiling point, very volatile (catches on fire easily), flows easily, ignites easily
What are characteristic of large molecules?
High boiling point , not very volatile (don’t easily catch on fire) , don’t flow easily , don’t ignite easily
What is a homologous series of compounds?
A series of compounds which share the same general formula, slight variation in physical properties, share similar chemical properties
What are products of the complete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels ?
Carbon dioxide and water are produced. And energy is given out
