Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP Psychology > Unit 2 Biopsychology > Flashcards

Unit 2 Biopsychology Flashcards

1
Q

Nature and Nurture Issue

A

Genes and experience allow for the development of psychological traits. Personality arises from the interaction of nature AND nurture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Natural Selection

A

Inherited traits enable an organism to survive and reproduce in a particular environment will most likely be passed on to the succeeding generations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Eugenics

A

Selective breeding of humans to promote certain “positive” characteristics and eliminate “negative” characteristics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Evolutionary Psychology

A

The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mutation

A

Random errors in gene replication that leads to a change.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Heredity

A

Genetic or predisposed characteristic that is transferred from parents to offspring, influencing physical, behavioral, and mental traits and processes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Family Studies

A

Search for traits and diseases that tend to be shared by family members.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Twin Studies

A

Assess effects of shared genes and environments in twins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Adoption Studies

A

Assess the effects of environment in adopted children and their biological parents.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Genetic Predisposition

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nervous System

A

Communication network in the body that consists of all the nerve cells of the CNS and PNS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Includes brain and spinal cord. “Decision maker.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Gathers information and transmits CNS decisions to other body parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nerves

A

Electrical cables from from bundles of axons. They link the CNS with the body’s sensory receptors, muscles, and glands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sensory (Afferent) Neurons

A

Carry incoming information from the skin/tissues and sensor receptors to the brain and spinal cord for processing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Motor (Efferent) Neurons

A

Cary instructions from the CNS to the body’s muscles and glands to produce a reaction to stimulus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Interneurons

A

Communicate internally and process information between sensory inputs and motor outputs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Part of PNS that enables voluntary control of skeletal muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Automatic Nervous System

A

Part of PNS that controls involuntary movement, such as your heart beating.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

Part of autonomic system that arouses and expends energy. Fight, flight, or freeze.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

Part of autonomic system that calms the body and conserves energy. Breed, feed, rest, digest. Works with sympathetic to maintain homeostasis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Bridge between the brain and the PNS.Fibers send up sensory information and then send back motor-control information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Reflex

A

Automatic responses to stimuli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Reflex Arc

A

Spinal reflex pathway. Stimulus causes sensory neurons to emit signals to the CNS with inter neurons, and a response is carried out through motor neurons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Neuron

A

A nerve cell. The basic building block of the nervous system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Cell Body

A

Part of neuron that contains the nucleus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Dendrites

A

Busy fibers on neruons that integrate information, conducting impulses toward the cell body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Axon

A

Segmented neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to muscles or glands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Terminal Branches

A

At the bottom of the neuron, forms junctions with other cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

Layer of fatty tissue around axons that insulates and speeds up impulses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

Auto-immune disease, attacks the myelin (out coating of the nerve).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Glial Cells

A

Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons; they may also play a role in learning, thinking, and memory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Action Potential

A

A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Ions

A

Electrically charged atoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Resisting Potential

A

Positive-outside/negative-inside state between and axon’s membrane and a resting axon’s fluid interior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Depolarization

A

Loss of the inside/outside charge difference between an axon’s membrande and fluid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Excitatory

A

Most neural signals “push a neuron’s accelerator.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Inhibitory

A

Some neural signals “push a neuron’s brake.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Threshold

A

The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Refractory Period

A

In neural processing, a brief resting pause that occurs after a neuron has fired; subsequent action potentials cannot occur until the axon returns to its resting state.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

All-or-None Response

A

A neuron’s reaction of either firing or not firing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Reuptake

A

A neurotransmitter’s re-absorption by the sending neuron.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Synapse

A

The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Synaptic Gap (Cleft)

A

The tiny gap at the synapse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps. They travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, influencing the response of that neuron.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Neurotransmitter that enables muscle action, learning, and memory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Dopamine

A

Neurotransmitter that influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Serotonin

A

Neurotransmitter that affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Nonrepinephrine (Noradrenaline)

A

Neurotransmitter that helps control alertness and arousal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)

A

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Glutamate

A

Major excitatory neurotransitter; involved in memory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Endorphins

A

Neurotransmitters that influence the perception of pain or pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Substance P

A

Involved in pain perception and immune response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

A

Auto-immune neuromuscular disease in which muscles cannot contract, attacks receptor sites.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Agonist

A

Molecule that increases a neurotransmitter’s action.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Antagonist

A

Molecule that inhibits or blocks a neurotransmitter’s action.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Endocrine System

A

Body’s “slow” chemical communication system; a set of glands and fat tissue that secrete hormones into the bloodstream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands, travel through the bloodstream, and affect other tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Epinephrine (Adrenaline)

A

Hormone that increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar, providing energy to power fight or flight response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

Small structure in the core of the brain, controlled by the hypothalamus. Releases hormones including growth hormones that stimulate physical development, as well as oxytocin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Oxytocin

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Neural Communication

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Reputake Inhibitors

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Psychoactive Drug

A

Chemical substance that alters the brain, causing changes in perceptions and moods.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Depressants

A

Drugs like alcohol, tranquilizers, and opioids that calm neural activity and slow body functions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Alcohol

A

Depressant that acts as a disinhibitor to slow brain activity that controls judgement and inhibitions. (Slows sympathetic Nervous system activity).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Tolerance

A

Developed through continued use of alcohol or other drugs. Brain chemistry adapts to offset the drug effect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Addiction

A

Caused by increasing doses of many psychoactive drugs, the user craves the drug and struggles to withdraw from it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Opioids

A

Depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Withdrawl

A

Unpleasant mental or physical reactions when attempting to end use.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Heroin

A

Depressant that causes pain relief, but also depression and a loss of endorphin function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Stimulants

A

Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Cocaine

A

Powerfully addictive stimulant that depletes the brain’s supply of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Psychedelic drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Mirijuana

A

Contains THC and amplifies sensitivity to colors, sounds, tastes, and smells. Effects may linger for over a week.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Caffiene

A

Stimulant that increases alertness and wakefulness but may cause anxiety, and insomnia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Biological Psychology

A

Study of the links between biological and psychological processes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Biopsychosocial Approach

A

Integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Neuroplasticity

A

Brains ability to change, especially during childhood, by building new pathways based on experience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Lesion

A

Tissue destruction that may occur naturally, during surgery, or experimentally.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

EEG (Electroencephalogram)

A

Amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity sweeping across the brain’s surface. Waves measured by electrodes placed on the scalp.

82
Q

fMRI (Functional MRI)

A

Technique for revealing blood flow and, therefore, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans. fMRI scans show brain function as well as structure.

83
Q

Brainstem

A

Brain’s innermost region, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull. Responsible for automatic survival functions.

84
Q

Medulla

A

Brainstem’s base that controls heartbeat and breathing.

85
Q

Contralateral Hemispheric Organization

A

Nerves to and from each side of the brain connect with the body’s opposite side.

86
Q

Thalamus

A

Forebrain’s sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem. Directs messages to the sensory receiving areas and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla.

87
Q

Reticular Activating System

A

Governs nerve network inside the brain stem. Extends from the spinal cord to the thalamus, filtering incoming stimuli and relaying important information to other brain areas.

88
Q

Cerebellum

A

Extends from the rear of the brainstem, processes sensory input, coordinates movement output and balance, and enables nonverbal learning and memory.

89
Q

Limbic System

A

Located mostly in the forebrain and associated with emotions and drives. Includes amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, thalamus, and pituitary gland.

90
Q

Amygdala

A

Two lima-bean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system, linked to emotion.

91
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Limbic system neural structure lying below the thalamus that directs maintenance activities and helps govern the endocrine system. Linked to emotion and reward.

92
Q

Hippocampus

A

In the limbic system, helps process explicit memories (facts and events) for storage.

93
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

Intricate fabrics of interconnected neural cells covering the forebrain’s cerebral hemispheres; the body’s ultimate control and information processing center.

94
Q

Cortex Specialization

A
95
Q

Frontal Lobes

A

Portion of the cerebral cortex just behind the forehead. Enables linguistic processing, muscle movement, and executive functioning.

96
Q

Parietal Lobes

A

Portion of cerebral cortex at the top of the head. Receives sensory input for touch and body position.

97
Q

Occipital Lobes

A

Portion of the cerebral cortex at the back of the head, receives information from visual fields.

98
Q

Temporal Lobes

A

Portion of cerebral cortex above the ears. Receives information from the opposite ear and enable language processing.

99
Q

Motor Cortex

A

A cerebral cortex area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements.

100
Q

Somatosensory Cortex

A

Cerebral cortex area at the front of the parietal Lobes that registers and processes body touch and movement sensations.

101
Q

Association Areas

A

Areas of the cerebral cortex that are not involved in primary motor or sensory functions; involved in higher mental functions such as learning, thinking, remembering, and speaking.

102
Q

Prefrontal Cortex

A

Forward part of frontal lobes, enables judgement, planning, social interaction, new memories.

103
Q

Reward Centers

A
104
Q

Lobes of Cortex

A
105
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

Large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain Hemispheres and carrying messages between them.

106
Q

Split Brain

A

Condition resulting from surgery that isolates the brain’s two hemispheres by cutting the fibers connecting them.

107
Q

Conciousness

A

Our subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment.

108
Q

Blindsight

A

A condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it.

109
Q

Sleep

A

A periodic, natural loss of consciousness.

110
Q

Circadian Rhythm

A

Biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24 hour cycle.

111
Q

REM (Paradoxical) Sleep

A

Rapid Eye Movement, recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Muscles are relaxed but other body systems are active.

112
Q

NREM Sleep (Based on EEG Patterns)

A

Non-Rapid Eye Movement, encompasses all sleep stages except for REM.

113
Q

N1 “Stage 1”

A
114
Q

N2 “Stage 2”

A
115
Q

N3 “Stage 3”

A
116
Q

Hallucinations

A

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

117
Q

Hypnagogic (Hypnic) Sensations

A

Bizarre experiences, such as jerking or a feeling of falling/floating, while transitioning to sleep.

118
Q

Melatonin

A

Sleep inducing hormone in the hypothalamus.

119
Q

Wakefulness

A
120
Q

Jet Lag

A
121
Q

Shift Work

A
122
Q

Restoration (Sleep)

A
123
Q

Ghrelin

A

Hunger-arousing hormone, may be increased by not getting enough sleep.

124
Q

Insomnia

A

Recurring problems in falling/staying asleep.

125
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. May lapse directly into REM sleep.

126
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

Sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.

127
Q

Somnambulism

A

Repeated episodes of complex motor behavior. (Sleep walking).

128
Q

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

A

Sleep disorder in which normal REM paralysis does not occur; instead twitching, talking, kicking, or punching may occur.

129
Q

Dreams and Dream Theories

A

Sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind.

130
Q

Information-Processing Theory (Consolidation Theory)

A

Dreams help us sort out the day’s events and consolidate our memories.

131
Q

Activation-Synthesis Theory

A

REM sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brain weaves into stories.

132
Q

REM Rebound

A

The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation.

133
Q

Sensation (Bottom-Up Processing)

A

The physical input of information that causes a reaction. Starts in peripheral nervous system and goes to central nervous system.

133
Q

Transduction

A

Transfer of physical external stimuli into an electrical current. Occurs on skin receptors, taste buds, etc.

133
Q

Top-Down Processing

A

Experiences affect predictions, altering what your thoughts are.

133
Q

Absolute Threshold

A

Minimum intensity of a stimulus needed to be detected 50% of the time. Example: How much sugar needs to go in a gallon of water to taste it?

133
Q

Sensory Adaptation

A

Physical stimuli is very noticeable at first, but after a few minutes your brain adapts and the stimuli is no longer noticeable.

133
Q

Difference Threshold

A

Slightest amount needed to detect the difference between two stimuli. Example: How much increase in volume is noticeable?

133
Q

Weber’s Law

A

The difference threshold is a constant. Intensity needed to detect difference is proportional to initial. You will notice easier starting small than you will starting large.

133
Q

Cornea

A

Clear, dome shaped outer layer of the eye.

133
Q

Pupil

A

Hole in the eye that does not reflect light.

133
Q

Iris

A

Muscle that opens and closes depending on the environment.

133
Q

Lens

A

Moves to focus the light onto your retina.

133
Q

Retina

A

Where transduction occurs in the eyeball.

133
Q

Fovea

A

Central point of focus in your eyeball.

133
Q

Rods

A

Used to detect quantity of light. More rods in peripheral vision.

134
Q

Cones

A

Used to detect color/qualities of light.

135
Q

Optic Nerve

A

Nerve that carries neural impulse from the eye to the brain.

136
Q

Blind Spot

A

Anything that shows up on your blind spot, you cannot see.

137
Q

Feature Detectors

A

Nerve cells in the brain’s visual cortex that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape or movement.

138
Q

Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory

A

Cones are responsive to different wavelengths of light that will induce transduction. (Red/Long, Green/Medium, and Blue/Short)

139
Q

Color Blindness

A

Deficiency of defective number of cones for different colors.

140
Q

Opponent-Process Theory

A

Further up in the optic nerve, neurons work in pairs to process color vision signals. 3 sets of opposing pairs (Red-Green, Blue-Yellow, White-Black). If one is on, the other is off, so human’s cannot perceive a red-ish green. This explains after image effect.

141
Q

Afterimage Effect

A

If you stare at one color then look at a white surface, you will see the opposite color.

142
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next.

143
Q

Amplitude

A

Light or sound wave’s height that determines intensity/energy.

144
Q

Accommodation

A

Process in which the lens adjusts to focus.

145
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness, focal point is before the retina.

146
Q

Ganglion Cells

A

Axons tie together to form optic nerve.

147
Q

Prosopagnosia

A

Face blindness. The inability to identify faces.

148
Q

Farsightedness

A

Focal point is beyond the retina.

149
Q

Light/Dark Adapatation

A
150
Q

Red, Green, Blue Cones

A
151
Q

Red-Green, Blue-Yellow, Black-White Cells

A
152
Q

Dichromatism

A
153
Q

Monochromatism

A
154
Q

Loudness

A

Determined by amplitude of sound waves.

155
Q

Pitch

A

Determined by frequency. A tone’s experienced highness or lowness.

156
Q

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

A

Most common form off hearing loss, caused by damage to the cochlea’s receptor cells or to the auditory nerve.

157
Q

Conduction Hearing Loss

A

Caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea.

158
Q

Place Theory (Place Coding)

A

Links the pitch we hear with the place where cochlea’s membrane is stimulated. Explains high pitched sounds, but not low.

159
Q

Frequency Theory (Temporal Coding)

A

The brain reads pitch by monitoring the frequency of neural impulse traveling up the auditory nerve. Frequency = # of times neuron fires. BUT volley principle needs to be true.

160
Q

Volley Principle

A

Neurons can alternate firing to achieve a combined frequency above 1000 waves per second.

161
Q

Sound

A

The vibration of air.

162
Q

Pitch Perception

A
163
Q

Sound Localization

A

Sound waves strike one ear sooner and more intensely than the other. This way our brain can compute a sound’s location.

164
Q

Hearing Loss

A

Conductive or sensorineural. Conductive: Damage to mechanical system (eardrum/middle bones). Sensorineural: Damage to cell receptors or auditory nerve.

165
Q

Touch

A

Tactile sense that promotes well-being.

166
Q

Pain

A

Body’s way of telling you something is wrong, enhances self-awareness, arouses other’s empathy, and promotes social connections.

167
Q

Warm/Cold Pressure Receptors

A
168
Q

Gate-Control Theory

A

The spinal cord contains a neurological gate that blocks pain signals or allows them to pas to the brain. Opened by the activity of pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers and closed by activity in larger fibers or by information coming from the brain.

169
Q

Phantom Limb Sensations

A

Body lacks normal sensory input from a missing limb, the brain may misinterpret or amplify CNS activity.

170
Q

Gustation

A

Sense of taste. Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami, oleogustus

171
Q

Supertasters

A

People with more taste buds who can experience intense tastes.

172
Q

Pheromones

A

Chemical messengers, some serve as sexual attractants.

173
Q

Kinesthesis

A

Movement sense, system for sensing the position and movement of body parts.

174
Q

Vestibular Sense

A

Enables our body’s sense of balance.

175
Q

Semicircular Canals

A
176
Q

Sensory Interaction

A

Principle that one sense may influence another.

177
Q

Synesthesia

A

Stimulation of one sense triggers the experience of another.

178
Q

Smell

A

Olfaction (sense of smell).

179
Q

Olfactory System

A

Sense of smell

180
Q

Taste Receptors

A

Taste buds in mouth.

181
Q

Chemical Senses

A

Taste and smell

182
Q

Leptin

A
183
Q

Broca’s Area

A
184
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A
185
Q

Aphasia

A
186
Q

Audition

A

The sense or act of hearing.

187
Q

Auditory Nerve

A

Carries neural messages to thalamus then to auditory cortex in temporal lobes.

AP Psychology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions