Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP Psychology > Unit 1a Social Psychology > Flashcards

Unit 1a Social Psychology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Social Psychology

A

Study of the way thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of one individual are influenced by the real, imagined, or inferred behavior or characteristics of other people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Personality Psychology

A

The study of how people are unique and how their personalities develop and vary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Person Perception

A

Impression of ourselves and others, including attributions and behaviors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Social Comparison

A

People come to know themselves by evaluating their own attitudes, abilities, and beliefs in comparison with others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Upward vs. Downward Comparison

A

Upward: Looking at something better. Downward: Looking at something worse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Attribution Theory

A

Tries to explain how people make judgments about the causes of other people’s behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dispositional Attribution

A

Personality trait causes tendencies to act a certain way.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Situational Attribution

A

Credit behaviors to situations/scenarios.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

Tendency for people to over estimate dispositional causes for behavior. In reality, situational attribution is a more likely cause.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Actor-Observer Bias

A

Attribution of behavior will depend if you are the actor or observer. Actor- more likely to accredit situational attribution. Observer- more likely to accredit dispositional attribution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Explanatory Style

A

A person’s way of interpreting and explaining events.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Prejudice

A

Unjustifiable, usually negative attitude toward a group and its members. Generally involves negative emotions, stereotyped beliefs, and a predisposition to discriminatory action.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stereotype

A

Over-generalized beliefs about a group of people or things, by-products of how we cognitively try to simplify the world.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Discrimination

A

Unfair, prejudiced, negative behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Implicit Bias

A

Unconscious bias, unaware that it exists.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Self-Serving Bias

A

Example of Actor-Observer Effect, tendency for people to attribute positive events in their life to dispositional traits and negative events to situational factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

WEIRD Acronym

A

W- Western
E- Educated
I- Industrial
R- Rich
D- Democracies,
Describing cultures. 80% of research is done in WEIRD countries, making up 12% of global population. This means the entire population is not represented/can’t be generalized.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Just-World Phenomenon

A

Reflects the common idea that good is rewarded and evil is punished; those who succeed must be good and those who don’t must be bad.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

False Consensus Effect

A

Attribution type of cognitive bias whereby people tend to overestimate the extent to which their opinions, beliefs, preferences, values, and habits are normal and typical of those of others. We over assume that others share our opinions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Halo Effect

A

The tendency for people to take a positive dispositional trait and extend it to every aspect of their life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Devil Effect

A

The tendency for people to take a negative dispositional trait and extend it to every aspect of their life.

22
Q

Schema

A

Mental representation of a concept. A shortcut/pattern of behavior or thought.

23
Q

Out-group homogeneity

A

Perceiving uniformity of out-group attitudes, personality, and appearance that we don’t identify with. We tend to think other groups are all alike.

24
Q

In-group bias

A

A favoring of our own group after identifying “us” and “them.”

25
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Assuming the superiority of one’s ethnic group.

26
Q

Scapegoating

A

Theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.

27
Q

Attitudes

A

Feeling influenced by beliefs, predispose us to respond in a particular way.

28
Q

Self-fulfilling prophecy

A

Belief that leads to its own fulfillment.

29
Q

Central Route Persuasion

A

Using central, key details to influence decision/attitude. More logical appeal.

30
Q

Peripheral Route Persuasion

A

Using things that aren’t really important to influence decision/attitude. More emotional appeal.

31
Q

Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon

A

Tendency for people to who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request.

32
Q

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

A

Feeling of tension/discomfort when values and behaviors are inconsistent.

33
Q

Conformity

A

A behavior that is engaged in in order to fit in with a group.

34
Q

Norm

A

Understood rules for accepted and expected behavior.

34
Q

Normative Social Influence

A

Pressure resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.

35
Q

Informational Social Influence

A

Influence resulting from one’s willingness to accept other’s opinions about reality.

36
Q

Obedience

A

Whether or not to follow directives of assumed authority figure.

37
Q

Group Polarization

A

Phenomenon where, in decisions and opinions, people in a group setting become more extreme than their actual, privately held beliefs.

38
Q

Groupthink

A

Mode of thinking that occurs with desire for harmony. In decision making the group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. Leads to worse decisions.

39
Q

Social Facilitation

A

Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others. (Opposite if social inhibition).

40
Q

Social Loafing

A

Tendency for people to exert less effort when working in a group than when individually accountable.

41
Q

Deindividuation

A

Process of losing self-awareness and self-restraint when in a crowd.

42
Q

Altruism

A

Doing good without expecting anything in return.

43
Q

Bystander Effect

A

Presence of others discourages an individual from intervening in situations.

44
Q

Reciprocity Norm

A

A social norm where, if someone does something for you, you feel obligated to return the favor.

45
Q

Social Exchange Theory

A

We enter relationships because we benefit from them.

46
Q

Social Traps

A

People act to obtain short-term individual gains. Which in the long run leads to a loss for the group as a whole.

47
Q

Superordinate Goals

A

Goals that require cooperation of two or more people or groups to achieve, which usually results in rewards to the groups.

48
Q

Mere Exposure Effect

A

Tendency to like something/someone more because you are exposed to it often.

49
Q

Social Contagion

A

The spread of behaviors, emotions, or attitudes through a group or network.

50
Q

Antisocial

A

Long term pattern of disregarding social norms.

AP Psychology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions