UNIT 2- ATOMICSTRUCTURE AND THE PERIODIC TABLE

Question 1

What is an Atom?

Answer 1

The smallest unit of matter

Question 2

What is the three particles inside of an atom?

Answer 2

• Proton
• Neutron
• Electron

Question 3

The more particles an atom has the bigger it is TRUE or FALSE?

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

Is PROTON located inside or outside the nucleus?

Answer 4

Inside

Question 5

Is NEUTRON located outside or inside the nucleus?

Answer 5

Inside

Question 6

Is ELECTRON located inside or outside the nucleus?

Answer 6

Outside

Question 7

What is Electron configuration?

Answer 7

The distribution of electrons on the different orbits around the atom.

Question 8

What is A Valance electrons?

Answer 8

The electrons situated on the last shell of an atom. (They determine the chemical behavior of an atom)

Question 9

How do you determine a period (in a periodic table)?

Answer 9

Periods are marked with numbers from 1 to 7 on the left side of the

Question 10

How do you determine a group (in a periodic table)?

Answer 10

The groups are numbered in two ways (up to down) from 1-18 with Roman Numerals “III, IV, V, VI”

Question 11

What do elements situated on the same period have in common?

Answer 11

They have the same number of electron shells

Question 12

What do elements located in the same group have?

Answer 12

Elements located in the same group displayed similar chemical properties and have the SAME NUMBER of Valance electrons.

Question 13

Important note:

Answer 13

• The number of the PERIOD corresponds to the number of ELECTRON SHELLS that an atom has
• The NUMERAL NUMBER OF THE GROUP corresponds to the VALANCE ELECTRONS that an atom has

Question 14

What are the four main groups in the periodic table?

Answer 14

• Alkali Metals
• Alkaline Earth Metals
• Halogens
• Noble/Rare Gases

Question 15

Where is the Alkali Metal located in?

Answer 15

All the elements located on the first column (except HYDROGEN).

Question 16

What is the characteristics of an Alkali metal?

Answer 16

• Soft metals
• low melting temperature
• Shine
• Conduct heat and electricity
• (In pure state must be stored in oil)

Question 17

Where is the Alkali earth metal located?

Answer 17

Second group

Question 18

What is the characteristics of Alkaline earth metals?

Answer 18

• Harder then Alkali metals
• Have a higher melting point
• Conduct heat and electricity
• They react with acids, water, oxygen and Halogens, but NOT AS VIOLENTLY as Alkali metals.

Question 19

Where does Alkali earth metals mainly found in?

Answer 19

Rocks

Question 20

Where is the Halogens located in?

Answer 20

Group 17

Question 21

What is the characteristics of Halogens?

Answer 21

• Very Reactive
• Several Halogens are powerful disinfectants
• (at a room temperature) can be found in the three states: Liquid, gas, solid

Question 22

Where is the Noble/Rare Gases located in?

Answer 22

Final column of the periodic table

Question 23

What is the characteristics of Noble gases?

Answer 23

• Not chemically active
• Mostly found in their elemental state
• Glow brightly when an electric discharge is passed through them