Unit 2: Atomic Structure Flashcards
Name the three types of particles in an atom, state their relative charge, relative mass and where they are found in the atom.
- Proton: +1, 1, in the nucleus
- Neutron: 0, 1, in the nucleus
- Electron: -1, 1/1840, outside the nucleus.
what allows us to deduce that forces holding particles together must be large?
the fact that all positive charges are in a very tiny nucleus.
why are the number of protons and electrons equal?
the charge on a proton is equal and opposite on an electron.
describe the behavior of neutrons, electrons and protons in an electric field.
Neutrons pass straight through.
protons bend toward the negative.
electrons bend and reach the positive.
why is deflection of protons less than that for electrons?
because its mass is greater.
what is the trend in proton number for an atom of the same element?
it is the same.
describe the proton number.
it is the number of protons in the the nucleus. it describe the position of an atom i the periodic table.
what is the mass number?
it is the total relative mass of protons and electrons.
what is the trend in the number of neutrons with the proton number?
the number of neutrons increases with the number of protons but not so regularly.
what is an isotopic symbol?
it shows the symbol of the element, the proton number and the mass number.
describe what is an ion and explain its formation.
ions are formed when electrons are gained or lost by the atom. loss of electrons increases the charge and it forms cation. gain of electrons form an anion.
