Unit 2: Agression

Question 1

aggression

Answer 1

Bx intended to harm someone physically or psychologically

Question 2

instrumental aggression

Answer 2

inflicting harm to gain something valuable

Question 3

hostile aggression

Answer 3

inflicting harm impulsively, anger-induced

Question 4

indirect aggression

Answer 4

inflict harm without contact with the person

Question 5

direct aggression

Answer 5

Bx aimed at the person

Question 6

what type of aggression is: driver yelling at a tailgater

Answer 6

direct, hostile

Question 7

what type of aggression is: tenant complaining about landlord to other tenants

Answer 7

indirect, hostile

Question 8

what type of aggression is: bank robber shooting a guard

Answer 8

instrumental, direct

Question 9

what type of aggression is: someone starting a rumor to break up a couple

Answer 9

instrumental, indirect

Question 10

3 sources of aggression

Answer 10

instinct, biology, encironment

Question 11

why might aggression arise from instincts

Answer 11

organisms that aggress gain resources and reproduce - survival value

Question 12

why is instinctive aggression not the best explanation

Answer 12

doesn’t explain all forms of human aggression

Question 13

one biological source of aggression

Answer 13

hormones - testosterone

Question 14

evidence that supports testosterone and aggression

Answer 14

positive correlation, elevated levels in people convicted of violent crimes, sex differences

Question 15

what violent crime is performed equally between males and females

Answer 15

domestic violence

Question 16

what does increased testosterone lead to when threatened

Answer 16

more aggression

Question 17

what does increased testosterone lead to when not threatened

Answer 17

more generosity

Question 18

environmental sources of aggression

Answer 18

physical pain or discomfort, hotter temperatures

Question 19

frustration

Answer 19

the block of goal-directed Bx

Question 20

frustration-aggression theory

Answer 20

frustration triggers readiness to aggress

Question 21

study that shows when frustration leads to aggression vs. when it does not

Answer 21

conf. disrupted group problem solving due to 1. uncontrollable reasons (hearing aid malfunctioning) - irritation or 2. controllable reasons (not paying attention) - hostility

Question 22

study that shows that mere exposure to aggressive objects increases likelihood of aggressive Bx

Answer 22

conf. administered shock to Ps; Ps left in room with weapon or neutral object; Ps with the weapon in the room administered longer shocks to the conf.

Question 23

displacement

Answer 23

inhibit our frustration in the moment because it is inappropriate then redirect the aggression to a less powerful, non-source of frustration

Question 24

social learning theory of aggression

Answer 24

we learn aggression by observing others being rewarded and punished (Bandura’s Bobo Doll study)

Question 25

discovery from the Bobo Doll Study

Answer 25

kids who watched adult Bx violently towards doll behaved violently towards doll, and engaged in new forms of aggression towards doll

Question 26

how does watching aggressive models impact attitude

Answer 26

people develop more positive attitude about aggression

Question 27

aggressive scripts

Answer 27

people see the world as aggressive place, and interpret ambiguous Bx as aggressive Bx (when exposed to aggression)

Question 28

how does violence on TV relate to violence in real world

Answer 28

TV exaggerates violent crime rates

Question 29

how does media violence affect bX

Answer 29

weakens inhibitions against violence, desensitizes against violence, perceive world as dangerous

Question 30

violence in videogames study

Answer 30

Ps that played violent videogame punished opponent with longer/louder noise blast than Ps that played non-violent videogame

Question 31

how does military use violent videogames

Answer 31

to desensitize the soldiers to violent acts and illustrate how to perform

Question 32

catharsis theory of aggression

Answer 32

expression hostility/anger through aggression is way to reduce it later

Question 33

catharsis theory of aggression study

Answer 33

Ps offended by conf. then punched punching bag while thinking about conf. or thinking about fitness or sat for 2 min - then administered noice blast to conf.

Question 34

results of catharsis theory of aggression study

Answer 34

Ps that thought about conf. while punching had more anger and aggression than the fitness thinker and the 2 min sitting

Question 35

why does catharsis backfire

Answer 35

aggression leads to more aggression

Question 36

how to reduce aggression

Answer 36

reward non-aggressive Bx, teach how to deal with frustration and conflict, reduce violence in media